Abstract: The focus for this research was nursing culture satisfaction and intent to remain working within a secondary hospital in the New Zealand public healthcare system. A specific group of 117 registered and enrolled nurses were surveyed to identify what issues would encourage them to remain working within the organisation. Descriptive data derived from the Nursing Culture Satisfaction Questionnaire found higher levels of job satisfaction and intention to stay from the staff in operating theatre, compared to other surveyed areas. Factors reported as contributing to job satisfaction included supportive, friendly staff, teamwork, and organisation size. Important issues regarding recruitment and retention include pay parity, personal satisfaction, conditions of employment, the valuing of staff and poor nurse patient ratios. Findings suggest that hospital management should foster positive work environments and respect, to promote job satisfaction and discourage nurses leaving the organisation. While pay parity was a large issue at the time of the questionnaire, the inclusion of the district health board in the nurse Multi Employer Collective Agreement may have reduced this as a contributing factor.

Abstract: This research project explored nurses' perceptions of clinical leadership in mental health nursing practice. Within New Zealand no research exists that evaluates the role and impact the clinical leadership has in mental health nursing practice. From personal experience and discussion with colleagues the author argues that clinical leadership in terms of support and guidance for nurses is often minimal and that there is a relationship between qualities of clinical leadership and poor retention rates of mental health nurses. The prime objective of this study was to increase knowledge about clinical leadership in mental health nursing practice. This research used a quantitative descriptive methodology, utilising survey design. A questionnaire was used to rank the attributes of the person the respondents identified as a clinical leader. The data was collected from 30 registered nurses working in mental health settings within the central region of New Zealand. Findings indicate that there is room for improvement with regard to clinical leadership in mental health nursing practice. Clinical leadership is perceived to be more effective by nurses in their second year of practice and in community settings. A statistically significant difference was indicated between nurses in their second year of practice and nurses in their third year of practice in terms of their ranking of clinical leadership abilities. Overall the respondents perceived poor communication and poor attitude as the biggest barriers to effective leadership. Support and good role models were said to influence nursing practice positively and the skills that were identified as being helpful in assisting and retaining nurses were mentorship and good communication. The results of the study are discussed in relation to the literature on transformational leadership skills. Finally, the general limitations of the study are outlined and implications for future research are discussed.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore with a small number of Maori families their experiences of accessing health care when their children were unwell with a respiratory condition. A qualitative research methodology was used in the study. Participating families were among those experiencing an admission to a children's ward between July and December 2003. Four families were interviewed. They discussed in depth their experience of accessing health care for their unwell children. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, and three common themes were evident: family resources, choice of health service provider and parents' feelings of vulnerability. The findings highlight that while socio-economic status plays a large part in determining the ease with which families can access the needed health care, there are other barriers within the health system which also pose difficulties for Maori.

Abstract: This paper is a literature review of the psychogeriatric specialty and describes the clinical role, practice and knowledge of the psychogeriatric nurse. Literature reviews provide a useful means for evaluating what is currently known and understood in a particular area of interest to help nurses' build current opinion into practice. Psychogeriatric nursing is a specialised field of practice that focuses on the mental health needs of people over the age of 65 (including younger people who have acquired needs that are similar in 'like' and age and 'interest'). The literature asserts the urgent need to develop the role and practice of the psychogeriatric nurse in order to address the complex needs of our ageing population in areas such as home care, hospitals, primary health, and long term care institutions. The findings highlight aspects of nursing care that are essential to the role and practice of the psychogeriatric nurse. Knowledge that is necessary for best practice in psychogeriatric nursing care is drawn mainly from the field of general psychiatry and gerontology but also from general medicine, psychology, neurology, and disability. Nurses' working with older adults affected by psychogeriatric conditions must possess a broad knowledge of physical and mental health issues that affect the elderly, including also knowledge and understanding of psychosocial risk factors that can also have an impact on the health and behaviour of older people and their carers. Despite these literal assertions however there appears to be a dearth of literature available to support the requirements for developing the psychogeriatric nursing specialty in clinical practice, research, and education. The author notes that authorities in this specialised field of practice generally agree that with an increasing aging population looming in the future more research in the field of “old age psychiatry” will be critical.

Abstract: There is limited nursing research as to how mental health nurses work with client stories. Furthermore mental health nurses have not been asked how they would define a client story within their practice. Client's stories allow promotion of the storyteller's experience leading to increased self awareness by supporting growth, and personal development of the individual through exploration of their experience. While listening and working with these stories, mental health nurses are able to interpret, reframe and validate the experiences and meanings disclosed over time. Three community mental health nurses were interviewed about how they identified client stories within their clinical practice. They explained how they created an environment for stories to be told, and worked to enhance meanings, and view alternative possibilities by 'carrying' the story until the client was ready to explore it. By working and understanding stories, mental health nurses were able to work collaboratively with the client to provide humanistic care. Themes of therapeutic relationship, purposeful use of self, and narrative as therapy were identified within the nurse's stories, providing an understanding of how mental health nurses practice. This study was framed by narrative inquiry and influenced by Riessman and Polkinghorne. Core stories are presented from the analysis of the nurses stories about how they defined 'story' and worked with the client stories.

Abstract: This aim of this thesis was to explore and describe registered nurses' experiences of undertaking the statutory role of Responsible Clinician under the Mental Health (Compulsory Assessment and Treatment) Act 1992. The role of Responsible Clinician has been available to nurses since 1992 yet to date there has been little research into nurses' experiences of undertaking this role. An exploratory descriptive approach was therefore used in this study. A convenience sample of four nurses who had been undertaking the role of Responsible Clinician was recruited. Their experiences were elicited through in-depth interviews. Analysis of the interview material revealed the themes of legitimacy, relationships, expanding practice, responsibility and accountability, approaches to care, nurses' responsiveness to the role and support of the role. The author points to this research being important to nurses who are working in the psychiatric mental health area so that they can understand the role more fully. In this way, more nurses may choose to undertake the role of Responsible Clinician.

Abstract: In 2003 the Health Practitioners Competence Assurance Act was introduced and established separate regulatory authorities for nursing and midwifery. This study is designed to explore the experiences of dually registered practitioners affected by this divide, as now there are two separate and possible paths, and two corresponding sets of competencies to fulfil. The design for this qualitative descriptive study utilised the written and oral narratives of three practitioners affected by this professional regulation and demonstrated its impact on their career development. Individual storytelling, as narrative, provided a theoretical lens aiding insight into their experience and pattern of decision making. In addition, symbolic consideration of the study data was provided by collective storytelling via the perennial myth of the hero journey. Shifting professional ground following the Health Practitioners Competence Act 2003 generated a focus for the inquiry into practitioners' modes of adjustment. For the practitioners in the study, transition between the occupational roles of nursing and midwifery comprised the possible career trajectories. A status passage, as the process of change from one social status to another, is described and includes the transitional experience of anticipation, expectation, contrast, and change. The author suggests that the findings from this research provide illumination of the nuances of professional decision making as a lived experience, and highlight how these practitioners dealt with shifting meaning, values, awareness, choices, and relationships. Aspects of group agency and identity, change management, and professional role transition were revealed. Life pattern, revealed through narrative, was an important research construct for exposing the ways in which the participants negotiated change, and displayed the function of their thinking and reasoning through dilemmas. Perception of individual and group identity revealed attitudes of esteem to the dominant discourse, and exposed dynamic tension between work patterns and life stage. Renegotiating arrangements of personal and professional commitment resulted from this dynamic interplay, and the relationship to stress and burnout was explored.