Murrell-McMillan, K. A. (2006). Why nurses in New Zealand stay working in rural areas. New Zealand Family Physician, 33(3), 173–175.
Abstract: The author investigates why nurses in New Zealand stay working in rural areas when their Australian counterparts and medical colleagues are leaving rural areas at alarming rates. She looks at international recruitment and retention issues, and particularly compares rural nursing in Australia with New Zealand. Local research shows that over 50% of rural nursing is in the practice environment. Practice nurses report high job satisfaction, specifically around working with diverse populations, autonomy, and working with GPs, the local community, and local iwi. The only perceived barrier identified in the New Zealand literature to job satisfaction and collaborative team behaviour has been the funding of nursing services in rural areas. This contrasts with many barriers to rural nursing in Australia, and the author suggests New Zealand policy makers may learn from Australia's retention issues.
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North, N., Rasmussen, E., Hughes, F., & Finlayson, M. (2005). Turnover amongst nurses in New Zealand's district health boards: A national survey of nursing turnover and turnover costs. New Zealand Journal of Employment Relations, 30(1), 49–62.
Abstract: This article reports on the New Zealand part of an international study, using agreed study design and instruments, to determine the direct and indirect costs of nursing turnover. These costs also include the systemic costs, estimated by determining the impacts of turnover on patient and nurse outcomes. It presents the findings from the pilot study conducted in six countries to test the availability of costs and suitability of the instrument. Reports the results from a survey of directors of nursing in 20 of the 21 district health boards on turnover and workplace practices.
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Kiata, L., Kerse, N., & Dixon, R. (2005). Residential care workers and residents: The New Zealand story. Access is free to articles older than 6 months, and abstracts., 118(1214).
Abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the nature and size of long-term residential care homes in New Zealand; funding of facilities; and the ethnic and gender composition of residents and residential care workers nationwide. A postal, fax, and email survey of all long-term residential care homes in New Zealand was undertaken, with completed surveys received from an eligible 845 facilities (response rate: 55%). The majority of these (54%) facilities housed less than 30 residents. Of the 438 (94%) facilities completing the questions about residents' ethnicity, 432 (99%) housed residents from New Zealand European (Pakeha) descent, 156 (33%) housed at least 1 Maori resident, 71 (15%) at least 1 Pacific (Islands) resident, and 61 (13%) housed at least 1 Asian resident. Facilities employed a range of ethnically diverse staff, with 66% reporting Maori staff. Less than half of all facilities employed Pacific staff (43%) and Asian staff (33%). Registered nursing staff were mainly between 46 and 60 years (47%), and healthcare assistant staff were mostly between 25 and 45 years old (52%). Wide regional variation in the ethnic make up of staff was reported. About half of all staff were reported to have moved within the previous 2 years. The authors conclude that the age and turnover of the residential care workforce suggests the industry continues to be under threat from staffing shortages. While few ethnic minority residents live in long-term care facilities, staff come from diverse backgrounds, especially in certain regions.
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Holloway, K. T. (2000). The future for nursing education: UKCC review has relevance for New Zealand. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 16(2), 17–24.
Abstract: The author reviews the report 'Fitness for Practice' by the United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (UKCC) noting many areas of relevance for New Zealand educators in outlining possible strategies for nursing education. Discussion of some of the recommendations is put in the context of a strategic review of undergraduate nursing education recently commissioned by the Nursing Council of New Zealand. Issues such as recruitment and access to education; retention; clinical assessment and placements; clinical skill acquisition and partnership are valid concerns for educators here also. Internationally, the author suggests, the commonalties in issues of concern lend validity to the concept of the global village and the necessity for a global perspective in health care workforce planning, including educational preparation.
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Jamieson, I., Sims, D., Casey, M., Wilkinson, K., & Osborne, R. (2017). Utilising the Canterbury Dedicated Education Unit model of teaching. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 33(2), http://www.nursingpraxis.org.
Abstract: Considers whether the Canterbury Dedicated Education Unit model of clinical teaching and learning can support graduate registered nurses in their first year of practice. Uses a descriptive exploratory case-study approach to gather data via three focus groups with a total of eleven participants. Undertakes thematic analysis to identify patterned meaning across the dataset from which two primary themes emerge: support, and recruitment and retention. Identifies five associated sub-themes: peer support, organisational support, liaison nurse support, team support for the graduate registered nurses, and team support for the staff. Reveals the significant contribution made by the Nurse Entry-to-Practice Programme Liaison Nurse as a conflict broker.
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North, N. (2007). International nurse migration: Impacts on New Zealand. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 8(3), 220–228.
Abstract: Nurse migration flows in and out of New Zealand are examined to determine impacts and regional contexts. A descriptive statistics method was used to analyse secondary data on nurses added to the register, New Zealand nurse qualifications verified by overseas authorities, nursing workforce data, and census data. It found that international movement of nurses was minimal during the 1990s, but from 2001 a sharp jump in the verification of locally registered nurses by overseas authorities coincided with an equivalent increase in international registered nurses added to the local nursing register. This pattern has been sustained to the present. Movement of local registered nurses to Australia is expedited by the Trans-Tasman Agreement, whereas entry of international registered nurses to New Zealand is facilitated by nursing being an identified “priority occupation”. The author concludes that future research needs to consider health system and nurse workforce contexts and take a regional perspective on migration patterns.
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Stone, P. W., Tourangeau, A. E., Duffield, C. M., Hughes, F., Jones, C. A., O'Brien-Pallas, L., et al. (2003). Evidence of nurse working conditions: A global perspective. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 4(2), 120–130.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to review evidence about nurse workload, staffing, skill mix, turnover, and organisational characteristics' effect on outcomes; discuss methodological considerations in this research; discuss research initiatives currently under way; review policy initiatives in different countries; and make recommendations where more research is needed. Overall, an understanding of the relationships among nurse staffing and organisational climate to patient safety and health outcomes is beginning to emerge in the literature. Little is known about nursing turnover and more evidence is needed with consistent definitions and control of underlying patient characteristics. Research and policy initiatives in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States are summarised.
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