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Author Carryer, J.B.; Gardner, G.; Dunn, S.; Gardner, A.
Title The core role of the nurse practitioner: Practice, professionalism and clinical leadership Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Journal of Clinical Nursing Abbreviated Journal
Volume 16 Issue 10 Pages (down) 1818-1825
Keywords Professional competence; Nurse practitioners; Evaluation research; Cross-cultural comparison
Abstract This article draws on empirical evidence to illustrate the core role of nurse practitioners in Australia and New Zealand. A study jointly commissioned by both countries' Regulatory Boards developed information of the newly created nurse practitioner role, to develop shared competency and educational standards. This interpretive study used multiple data sources, including published and grey literature, policy documents, nurse practitioner programme curricula and interviews with 15 nurse practitioners from the two countries. The core role of the nurse practitioner was identified as having three components: dynamic practice, professional efficacy and clinical leadership. Nurse practitioner practice is dynamic and involves the application of high level clinical knowledge and skills in a wide range of contexts. The nurse practitioner demonstrates professional efficacy, enhanced by an extended range of autonomy that includes legislated privileges. The nurse practitioner is a clinical leader with a readiness and an obligation to advocate for their client base and their profession at the systems level of health care.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 932
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Author Chang, E.M.; Bidewell, J.W.; Huntington, A.D.; Daly, J.; Johnson, A.; Wilson, H.; Lambert, V.; Lambert, C.E.
Title A survey of role stress, coping and health in Australian and New Zealand hospital nurses Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Intensive & Critical Care Nursing Abbreviated Journal
Volume 44 Issue 8 Pages (down) 1354-1362
Keywords Stress; Psychology; Cross-cultural comparison; Nursing
Abstract The aim of this study was to examine and compare Australian and New Zealand nurses' experience of workplace stress, coping strategies and health status. A postal survey was administered to 328 New South Wales (Australia) and 190 New Zealand volunteer acute care hospital nurses (response rate 41%) from randomly sampled nurses. The survey consisted of a demographic questionnaire, the Nursing Stress Scale, the WAYS of Coping Questionnaire and the SF-36 Health Survey Version 2. More frequent workplace stress predicted lower physical and mental health. Problem-focused coping was associated with better mental health. Emotion-focused coping was associated with reduced mental health. Coping styles did not predict physical health. New South Wales and New Zealand scored effectively the same on sources of workplace stress, stress coping methods, and physical and mental health when controlling for relevant variables. Results suggest mental health benefits for nurses who use problem-solving to cope with stress by addressing the external source of the stress, rather than emotion-focused coping in which nurses try to control or manage their internal response to stress. Cultural similarities and similar hospital environments could account for equivalent findings for New South Wales and New Zealand.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 970
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Author Rose, L.; Nelson, S.; Johnston, L.; Presneill, J.J.
Title Workforce profile, organisation structure and role responsibility for ventilation and weaning practices in Australia and New Zealand intensive care units Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Journal of Clinical Nursing Abbreviated Journal
Volume 17 Issue 8 Pages (down) 1035-1043
Keywords Advanced nursing practice; Clinical decision making; Intensive care nursing; Cross-cultural comparison
Abstract The aim of this research is to provide an analysis of the scope of nursing practice and inter-professional role responsibility for ventilatory decision-making in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units (ICU). Self-administered questionnaires were sent to nurse managers of eligible ICUs within Australia and New Zealand. Survey responses were available from 54/180 ICUs. The majority (71%) were located within metropolitan areas and categorised as a tertiary level ICU (50%). The mean number of nurses employed per ICU bed was 4.7 in Australia and 4.2 in New Zealand, with 69% (IQR: 47-80%) of nurses holding a postgraduate specialty qualification. All units reported a 1:1 nurse-to-patient ratio for ventilated patients with 71% reporting a 1:2 nurse-to-patient ratio for non- ventilated patients. Key ventilator decisions, including assessment of weaning and extubation readiness, were reported as predominantly made by nurses and doctors in collaboration. Overall, nurses described high levels of autonomy and influence in ventilator decision-making. Decisions to change ventilator settings, including FiO(2) (91%, 95% CI: 80-97), ventilator rate (65%, 95% CI: 51-77) and pressure support adjustment (57%, 95% CI: 43-71), were made independently by nurses. The authors conclude that the results of the survey suggest that, within the Australian and New Zealand context, nurses participate actively in ventilation and weaning decisions. In addition, they suggest, the results support an association between the education profile and skill-mix of nurses and the level of collaborative practice in ICU.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 962
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Author Giddings, D.L.S.
Title Health disparities, social injustice, and the culture of nursing Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Nursing Research Abbreviated Journal
Volume 54 Issue 5 Pages (down) 304-312
Keywords Cross-cultural comparison; Racism; Attitude of health personnel; Feminist critique
Abstract The aim of this cross-cultural study was to collect stories of difference and fairness within nursing. The study used a life history methodology informed by feminist theory and critical social theory. Life story interviews were conducted with 26 women nurses of varying racial, cultural, sexual identity, and specialty backgrounds in the United States (n = 13) and Aotearoa New Zealand (n = 13). Participants reported having some understanding of social justice issues. They were asked to reflect on their experience of difference and fairness in their lives and specifically within nursing. Their stories were analysed using a life history immersion method. Nursing remains attached to the ideological construction of the “White good nurse.” Taken-for-granted ideals privilege those who fit in and marginalise those who do not. The nurses who experienced discrimination and unfairness, survived by living in two worlds, learned to live in contradiction, and worked surreptitiously for social justice. For nurses to contribute to changing the systems and structures that maintain health disparities, the privilege of not seeing difference and the processes of mainstream violence that support the construction of the “White good nurse” must be challenged. Nurses need skills to deconstruct the marginalising social processes that sustain inequalities in nursing and healthcare. These hidden realities-racism, sexism, heterosexism, and other forms of discrimination-will then be made visible and open to challenge.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 943
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Author Currie, J.; Edwards, L.; Colligan, M.; Crouch, R.
Title A time for international standards? Comparing the Emergency Nurse Practitioner role in the UK, Australia and New Zealand Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Accident & Emergency Nursing Abbreviated Journal
Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages (down) 210-216
Keywords Emergency nursing; Cross-cultural comparison; Nursing; Education
Abstract The aim of this paper is to compare the Emergency Nurse Practitioner role in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. Whilst geographically distant, the role of the Emergency Nurse Practitioner within these three countries shares fundamental similarities, causing the researchers to question, is this a time to implement international standards for the role? The Emergency Nurse Practitioner role in all three countries is gradually establishing itself, yet there are shared concerns over how the role is regulated and deficits in standardisation of scope of practice and educational level. Together these issues generate confusion over what the role embodies. The authors suggest that one method of demystifying the Emergency Nurse Practitioner role would be to progress towards international standards for regulation, education and core components of practice.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 971
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Author Smye, V.; Rameka, M.; Willis, E.
Title Indigenous health care: Advances in nursing practice Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Contemporary Nurse Abbreviated Journal
Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages (down) 142-154
Keywords Cultural safety; Transcultural nursing; Cross-cultural comparison; Nursing; Education
Abstract In this introduction to a special issue on nursing with indigenous peoples, the authors affirm the need for continued application of tools and strategies for thinking critically about issues of culture, history and race. Without these things, evidence of discriminatory policies and practices in the health system remain hidden to many health professionals. Attention to socio-political structures is as essential to promoting health and preventing illness as are nurses' activities with the individual clients. To develop critical consciousness in nursing requires educational strategies and frameworks that focus on the responsibilities and implications of practicing nursing in a postcolonial context where race and power continue to create patterns of inclusion and exclusion in health care settings. The authors suggest that many contemporary nursing programmes fail to provide such strategies and frameworks, and argue that nursing must view critical analyses of these issues as central aspects of nursing education, research, theory and practice. They go on to engage with the notion of cultural safety as a means of fostering a critical political and social consciousness in nursing to create an opportunity for social transformation.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 1037
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Author Muir-Cochrane, E.; Holmes, C.; Walton, J.A.
Title Law and policy in relation to the use of seclusion in psychiatric hospitals in Australia and New Zealand Type Journal Article
Year 2002 Publication Contemporary Nurse Abbreviated Journal
Volume 13 Issue 2/3 Pages (down) 136-145
Keywords Psychiatric Nursing; Law and legislation; Policy; Patient rights; Cross-cultural comparison
Abstract This paper discusses legal issues associated with the seclusion of acutely disturbed patients in psychiatric hospitals in Australia and New Zealand. There continues to be great variation in opinion and operational definition as to whether seclusion is a medical treatment, nursing intervention and management tool, or merely a form of situational restraint. Reflecting this lack of clarity, mental health acts and policies concerning the regulation and practice of seclusion lack consistency and focus across geographical boundaries and jurisdictions. Australian and New Zealand legislation and institutional policy is discussed in order to shed light on the contemporary issues highlighted by this controversial nursing practice. The authors note that mental health professionals must continue to review the practice of seclusion and to actively promote the use of acceptable alternatives. In addition nurses and other mental health professionals have a responsibility to understand current legislation and policy frameworks and to influence change where this is necessary to ensure the best practice possible in their clinical area.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 1074
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Author DeSouza, R.
Title Wellness for all: The possibilities of cultural safety and cultural competence in New Zealand Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Journal of Research in Nursing Abbreviated Journal
Volume 13 Issue 2 Pages (down) 125-135
Keywords Cultural safety; Nursing models; Cross-cultural comparison; Maori
Abstract The author contends that responses to cultural diversity in nursing need to consider the theory and practice developments of the profession, whilst also responding to broader social and historical process that prevent marginalised groups from utilising universal health services. A combination of approaches is suggested in this paper to meet these two imperatives. Cultural safety is one indigenous New Zealand nursing approach derived in response to inequalities for Maori, whereas cultural competence is an imported paradigm derived from a multicultural context. Furthermore, research and dialogue are required to examine points of complementarity and tension. This paper offers a beginning for this process.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ 943 Serial 927
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Author Stone, P.W.; Tourangeau, A.E.; Duffield, C.M.; Hughes, F.; Jones, C.A.; O'Brien-Pallas, L.; Shamian, J.
Title Evidence of nurse working conditions: A global perspective Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice Abbreviated Journal
Volume 4 Issue 2 Pages (down) 120-130
Keywords Nursing; Recruitment and retention; Policy; Cross-cultural comparison; Nursing research
Abstract The purpose of this article is to review evidence about nurse workload, staffing, skill mix, turnover, and organisational characteristics' effect on outcomes; discuss methodological considerations in this research; discuss research initiatives currently under way; review policy initiatives in different countries; and make recommendations where more research is needed. Overall, an understanding of the relationships among nurse staffing and organisational climate to patient safety and health outcomes is beginning to emerge in the literature. Little is known about nursing turnover and more evidence is needed with consistent definitions and control of underlying patient characteristics. Research and policy initiatives in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States are summarised.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 951
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Author Flynn, L.; Carryer, J.B.; Budge, C.
Title Organisational attributes valued by hospital, home care, and district nurses in the United States and New Zealand Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Journal of Nursing Scholarship Abbreviated Journal
Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages (down) 67-72
Keywords Organisational culture; Cross-cultural comparison; Nursing
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether hospital-based, home care, and district nurses identify a core set of organisational attributes in the nursing work environment that they value as important to the support of professional practice. Survey data, collected in 2002 2003 from 403 home care nurses in the United States and 320 district nurses in New Zealand, were pooled with an existing data set of 669 hospital-based nurses to conduct this descriptive, nonexperimental study. The importance of organisational attributes in the nursing work environment was measured using the Nursing Work Index-Revised (NWI-R). The authors found that at least 80% of hospital-based, home care, and district nurses either agreed or strongly agreed that 47 of the 49 items comprising the NWI-R represented organisational attributes they considered important to the support of their professional nursing practice. Mean importance scores among home care nurses, however, were significantly lower than were those of the other two groups. The authors conclude that the overall, hospital-based, home care, and district nurses had a high level of agreement regarding the importance of organisational traits to the support of their professional practice. The intensity of the attributes' importance was less among home care nurses. Further research is needed to determine whether this set of organisational traits, measured using the NWI-R, is associated with positive nurse and patient outcomes in home care and district nursing practice, as has been shown in acute care settings.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 886
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Author North, N.; Rasmussen, E.; Hughes, F.; Finlayson, M.
Title Turnover amongst nurses in New Zealand's district health boards: A national survey of nursing turnover and turnover costs Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication New Zealand Journal of Employment Relations Abbreviated Journal
Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages (down) 49-62
Keywords Recruitment and retention; Nursing; Economics; Cross-cultural comparison
Abstract This article reports on the New Zealand part of an international study, using agreed study design and instruments, to determine the direct and indirect costs of nursing turnover. These costs also include the systemic costs, estimated by determining the impacts of turnover on patient and nurse outcomes. It presents the findings from the pilot study conducted in six countries to test the availability of costs and suitability of the instrument. Reports the results from a survey of directors of nursing in 20 of the 21 district health boards on turnover and workplace practices.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 533
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Author Horrocks, T.
Title Implementing change combining Maori and Western knowledge in health delivery Type Journal Article
Year 2001 Publication Vision: A Journal of Nursing Abbreviated Journal
Volume 7 Issue 13 Pages (down) 37-41
Keywords Maori; Cross-cultural comparison; Organisational culture; Quality assurance
Abstract This article explores the incorporation of western knowledge with kaupapa Maori in the delivery of health care. It presents a fictional kaupapa Maori service, as a tool to explore the change process and influence that organisational culture and leadership styles have on a process of integrating a kaupapa Maori nursing service. The importance of continual evaluation through quality assurance measures was also conveyed.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 1280
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Author Warren, S.
Title Cultural safety, where does it fit? A literature review Type Journal Article
Year 2002 Publication Vision: A Journal of Nursing Abbreviated Journal
Volume 8 Issue 14 Pages (down) 27-30
Keywords Cultural safety; Cross-cultural comparison; History of nursing
Abstract This literature review discusses the history of the inclusion of culture into nursing studies. There is a small sample of overseas literature for critique with a focus on the inclusion of cultural safety in New Zealand. The concept of cultural safety was first introduced into New Zealand in the late 1980s. It was adopted by the New Zealand Nursing Council for nurses and midwives in 1992 and became part of the basic curriculum for nursing and midwifery education.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ 1095 Serial 1080
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Author Burrell, B.
Title Mixed-sex rooms: Invading patients' privacy? Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand Abbreviated Journal
Volume 9 Issue 4 Pages (down) 26-28
Keywords Cross-cultural comparison; Patient rights; Hospitals; Nursing; Gender
Abstract The author considers the issue of mixed-sex rooming (MSR) in New Zealand hospitals. A review of the literature is presented, with a focus on the attitudes and experiences of patients in the UK, where the issue has been most practised and studied. Findings of a survey of a group of New Zealand female patients are presented. The patients feelings of embarrassment and loss of dignity and privacy are discussed. The legal issues are explored, with the practice evaluated against the patient's rights detailed in the Code of Health and Disability Services and the Privacy Act 1993.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 1000
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Author Milligan, K.; Neville, S.J.
Title The contextualisation of health assessment Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Nursing Praxis in New Zealand Abbreviated Journal
Volume 19 Issue 1 Pages (down) 23-31
Keywords Cross-cultural comparison; Evaluation; Nursing
Abstract The authors defines health assessment and argue that it is a tool nurses should be using as a means of improving health outcomes for clients. The skills involved in health assessments are analysed, and four levels of data gathering are identified. The authors present an historical perspective, tracing the development of these skills as they have been incorporated in nursing practice in North America and Australia.
Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 1095
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