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Turia, D. (1999). Women's knowledge sources and management decisions (Vol. 14). Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: It is evident from the prevalence of items in the popular press and incased research by health professional that, over the last two decades, menopause as been discussed more openly. However, medical information is still largely oriented toward menopause as a disease with emphasis on the pharmacological interventions needed to correct the disease. Literature in medical and nursing journals is also predominantly oriented towards menopause as a state of oestrogen, nurse researchers and feminists writers are challenging this viewsThe aim of the research was to discover how women gain knowledge about menopause, and how they make decisions about “managing” their menopause. In the study knowledge was defined as being more than information. It is seen as being more than information. It is seen as understanding derived from synthesis of data about menopause collected from various sources. Eleven women aged 46-55 recruited through a letter in the researcher's local newspaper, were interviewed. The resulting data was analysed by the constant comparison method as used in grounded theory.A descriptive model was developed including the basic social process of “integrating menopause into midlife”. A tertiary level of education and good social support were found to be associated with the women being seekers of knowledge about their menopause. These women, the majority of the participants, revealed themselves as being self-controlling with respect to their menopause. Among the few who had allowed their menopause to be managed by others, if they experienced adverse effects of the treatment, then there was a move toward greater self management.,Generally, nurses were not seen by the participants as possible sources of information. That finding highlights menopause as an area of health education in which nurses have the potential to play a more active role
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Rickard, D. (1999). Parents as experts: Partnership in the care of chronically ill children.
Abstract: Margaret May Blackwell Travel Study Fellowship for Nurses of Young Children.
This report discusses the partnership between parents and nurses and its relationship to delivering optimal care to the child.
The author has a background in paediatric nursing in a hospital environment.
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Tilah, M. S. W. (1999). Well child care services in New Zealand: an investigation into the provision and receipt of well child services in a Hawkes Bay sample. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: Maternal child care in New Zealand has traditionally been given by a variety of providers from the private and public sector. The reorganisation of the health services has effected all forms of health delivery including maternal and well child care or well child care services. Contracting of services in a competitive environment has been an important feature of the reorganisation process. Ashton (1995) notes that the system of contracting has facilitated the introduction of new approaches to health from new provider groups, which are not necessarily based on primary health care principles. This has led to confusion for providers and consumers alike. In 1996 a new national schedule which described the services recommended for maternal and child care was introduced called WellChild/Tamariki Ora. A questionnaire based on this schedule was administered to a sample of 125 parents of children under five years of age in Hawkes Bay to investigate issues relating to the provision and receipt of well care services.Descriptive data showed that the major providers in the present study were doctors. There were significant differences found in the number of services received by the less educated, the unemployed, single parent families, and Maori and Pacific Island people.Perceptions about the helpfulness of services received were not related to ratings of the child's health. Parents who received a greater number of Family/Whanau support services rated their children's health more highly. Findings are discussed in relation to the previous literature and recommendations are presented with particular emphasis on the implications for nursing and the role of nurses in providing well child care services
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Davy, R. (1999). Evaluation of the impact on the quality of women who have participated in a nursing education session on menopause. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: Objective; The objective of this study is to determine if attending a nursing education session on menopause has an impact on women's management of their menopausal symptoms and consequently their quality of life for women aged 40 to 60 years. The hypothesis is that women attending education sessions will start or increase health promotion activities which will reduce menopausal symptoms and thus improve their quality of life.Design and method; Two questionaires were given to the women on the day of the education sessions and another questionnaire was sent to the participant three months later. The sample of 30 completed questionnaires includes feedback from Pacific Island women. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The measure of quality of life has been based on the level of impact of menopausal on each women's life before the education session and three months later.Results; Initial analysis indicates that diet, exercise and time out were most commonly reported health activities utilized for relief of symptoms with HRT and herbal remedies used less often. Three months after the education session there was a significant reduction in the impact of symptoms in most categories with 140 incidences of total disappearance of symptoms, 24 incidences of reduction of symptoms, 17 incidences of symptoms increasing while 36 symptoms remained unchanged. Only one woman reported that she continued to have no control over her symptoms while the rest of the sample indicated that they had some or total control. The most common changes in health promotion activities were reduction in caffeine, exercise, relaxation and lubrication with sex. Herbal, homeopathy, dietary and hormone treatment rated low in health activities after the three months.Conclusion; Initial analysis indicates that menopausal symptoms has significantly improved for the majority of women who attended the nursing education session
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Bride, A. M. (1999). Contract clinical tutors experience of working with Bachelor of Nursing students in clinical practice. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: The aim of this qualitative study is to explore four clinical tutors' perceptions of their role on facilitating Bachelor of Nursing students' learning in the practice setting of the health sector in New Zealand. Participants were asked to share their personal experiences including the positive aspects and the difficulties and challenges they encountered when working with students.Contract clinical tutors, are employed because of their clinical experience and expertise to enable students to apply the knowledge learned in theory and the professional competencies learned in the laboratory into the reality of clinical practice. This requires that clinical tutors be familiar with the curriculum so that their role as supervisor, teacher, facilitator, guide ands mentor can assist the student in fulfilling their learning requirements when in clinical practice. They are not, however, involved in the development or the teaching of the theoretical component of the programme. The difficulties and challenges identified by the contract clinical tutors in this study, resulted in discussion concerning strategies that could be adapted by the faculty to support clinical tutors in their role of ensuring the students receive the best possible learning opportunities when assigned to the clinical areas.Focus groups interviews were chosen as a means of collecting data from four registered nurses currently or previously employed as contract clinical tutors to work with students from an undergraduate degree programme at a small polytechnic.A two hour focus group interview was held as a means of uncovering the shared thoughts and experiences of participants. A second focus group interview was conducted to qualify information and elaborate on some issues. From the data collected a number of recommendations were identified which if adopted by polytechnics will enhance quality teaching by contract clinical tutors.
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Cowan, L. M. (1999). Alcohol and drug treatment for women: clinicians beliefs and practice. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate whether clinicians consider women have different needs to men. To identify what specific treatment clinicians provided for women with alcohol and drug problems and ascertain whether various clinician variable, are elated to differences in beliefs and treatment provision.The questionnaire items for this study were included in the National Centre for Treatment Development (Alcohol, Drug & Addiction) New Zealand wide telephone survey of alcohol and drug clinicians. Independent interviewers surveyed 217 clinicians. Clinicians were first asked whether they believed women with alcohol and drug problems have differing treatment needs to men. Clinicians responses were compared with various clinician Socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, ethnicity, professional group, years working in the alcohol and drug treatment field, work setting, qualifications/courses attended, location, and personal alcohol use).Key findings are that almost a quarter (24%) of the clinicians surveyed did not believe that women have different treatment needs to men. However the majority (76%) of clinicians do believe that women have different treatment needs to men. Furthermore findings from this study suggest that significant differences exist in relation to clinicians' practice in new Zealand in relation to clinician, gender, work setting (Crown Health Enterprise, outpatient and residential), and gender mix of caseload
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Gunn, D. (1999). Caring for the dying adolescent: The lived experience of four mothers. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: The aim of this thesis is to present a phenomenological exploration of the experiences of four woman who have had an adolescent child die of cancer. Using the method of hermeneutic phenomenology, as described by van Mann (1984,1990) the study drew on the stories of four woman. From their stories eight emerging themes became apparent.The analysis of the themes is described under the following headings:- wanting to protect; wanting to be with; maintaining normality; feeling positive and hopeful; facing finality; realizing that death was imminent; coping with the common reality; and interacting with health professionals.Further interpretation of the emerging themes revealed “hope expectations” as the phenomenon of concern that captures these mothers' experiences. The hope expectation phenomenon reveals how the mothers coped with adversity, differing hope expectations in the common reality, oscillating hope expectations throughout the journey and hope expectations inspired by the health professionals.The outcome of this work is to provide professional, especially nurses, with insight and knowledge of the maternal experience of caring for the dying adolescent. It is hoped this research will contribute to the body of nursing knowledge and influence the care of parents who experience the trauma of caring for their dying adolescent child
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Bee, S. (1999). Post traumatic stress disorder: The role of critical incident stress management. Vision: A Journal of Nursing, 5(8), 20–23.
Abstract: The author defines and describes PTSD, and looks at how it may apply to nurses. Primarily affected by delayed PTSD, nurses may experience it as burn-out, after exposure to trauma over time. The Critical Incident Stress Management programme instigated at Healthcare Hawkes Bay is outlined.
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Fail, A. (1999). Ageing in the 21st century. Vision: A Journal of Nursing, 5(9), 24–31.
Abstract: The author looks at demographic and statistical information to extrapolate on trends that will affect the aged through into to the next century. She reviews policy approaches to the issues of a growing aged population combined with social and economic changes that could make this group vulnerable. Effective planning for the provision of quality care is placed in the context of social changes, advances in gerontology, and social theories of ageing.
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McKenna, B. (1999). Bridging the theory-practice gap. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 5(2), 14–16.
Abstract: The author presents a case study of a joint appointment between a nurse lecturer and a staff nurse in an acute forensic psychiatry unit. He explores the advantages, disadvantages and reasons for success in relation to the findings of a survey of the literature on joint appointments. This technique is seen as a means of narrowing the gap between theory and practice which resulted when nurse training was transferred from hospitals to polytechnics. He highlights the need to develop research methodology to clarify potential benefits of this approach.
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Christensen, D. J. C. (1999). Integrating the terminology and titles of nursing practice roles: Quality, particularity and levelling. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 14(1), 4–11.
Abstract: The author reconsiders the meaning of expert, specialist and advanced practice. She proposes that they are distinctive and complementary aspects of every nursing role and suggests a set of attributes for each. Expertise is discussed in terms of the quality of performance, speciality in relation to particularity of performance, and advanced practice with regard to the level of performance.
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Ronaldson, A. (1999). Coping with body image changes after limb loss.5(11), 14–16.
Abstract: The author reviews the literature on the differences in the way people manage the process of coming to terms with amputation. The socio-cultural implications of body image construction are discussed and a new framework for clinical practice is suggested. The implications for nursing are examined and positions nurses as advocates. The importance of language is identified.
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Litchfield, M., & Laws, M. (1999). Achieving family health and cost-containment outcomes: Innovation in the New Zealand Health Sector Reforms. In Cohen,E. & De Back,V. (Eds.), The outcomes mandate: New roles, rules and relationships. Case management in health care today (pp. 306-316). St Louis: Mosby.
Abstract: The chapter presents the research findings of the 1992-1993 Wellington Nurse Case Management Scheme Project as a distinct model of nurse case management, which introduced a role and form of practice of a family nurse and a diagram of the service delivery structure required for support and relevant for the New Zealand health system reforms.
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Jull, A. (1999). Oral Pentoxifylline in the treatment of venous leg ulcers: A meta-analysis. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of pentoxifylline as an adjunct to compression bandaging in the treatment of venous leg ulcers. The CENTRAL registers of the Cochrane Peripheral Vascular Diseases and Wounds Groups were searched – each register is routinely updated by extensive searches of electronic databases, handsearching of relevant journals and conference proceedings, and contact with product companies and experts in the field. The drug's manufacturer was contacted and the references of review articles and all obtained trials were scrutinised for further citations. Randomised controlled trials published in any language comparing pentoxifylline and compression with placebo in adult participants with venous ulceration were included. Trials must have reported a meaningful objective outcome (rates of healing, proportions healed, time to healing). Details from eligible trials (independently selected by two reviewers) were extracted and summarised by one reviewer. A second reviewer independently verified extracted data. Eleven clinical trials were identified. Five trials compared pentoxifylline with placebo (compression standard therapy). Six trials were excluded. Pentoxifylline and compression was more effective than placebo and compression (RR 1.30, 95% C1 1.10-1.54) and was robust to sensitivity analyses. The greater number of adverse effects (46 reports) occurred in the pentoxifylline group, although this was not significant (RR 1.12, 95% C1 0.77-1.62); 34 percent of adverse effects were gastro-intestinal. Seven of 21 reported withdrawals were for adverse effects. In conclusion, pentoxifylline appears an effective adjunct to compression bandaging in the treatment of venous ulcers. The absence of cost-effectiveness data suggests it not be employed as a routine adjunct, but it could be considered as for those patients not responding to compression therapy alone. The majority of adverse effects are likely to be tolerated by patients.
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Litchfield, M. (1999). Practice wisdom. Advances in Nursing Science, 22(2), 62–73.
Abstract: The paper is the report of two cumulative research projects studying the nature of nursing knowledge and methodology to develop it. They were undertaken as theses for masters and doctoral degrees at the University of Minnesota, USA. Nursing knowledge is depicted as relational: an evolving participatory process of research-as-if-practice of which 'health' (its meaning), dialogue, partnership and pattern recognition are threads inter-related around personal values of vision and community.
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