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Clendon, J. (2003). Nurse-managed clinics: Issues in evaluation. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 44(6), 558–565.
Abstract: This article explores the importance of evaluation of nurse-managed clinics using the Mana Health Clinic in Auckland, as an example. Fourth generation evaluation is offered as an appropriate methodology for undertaking evaluation of nurse-managed clinics. Fourth generation evaluation actively seeks involvement of clients in the process and outcome of the evaluation, resulting in participation and empowerment of stakeholders in the service – a precept often forgotten in traditional evaluation strategies and of vital importance in understanding why people use nurse-managed clinics. The method proposed here also incorporates the need for quantitative data. The main argument is that a combination of qualitative and quantitative data sources is likely to give the greatest understanding of nurse-managed clinics' utilisation.
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Chang, E. M., Bidewell, J. W., Huntington, A. D., Daly, J., Johnson, A., Wilson, H., et al. (2008). A survey of role stress, coping and health in Australian and New Zealand hospital nurses. Intensive & Critical Care Nursing, 44(8), 1354–1362.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine and compare Australian and New Zealand nurses' experience of workplace stress, coping strategies and health status. A postal survey was administered to 328 New South Wales (Australia) and 190 New Zealand volunteer acute care hospital nurses (response rate 41%) from randomly sampled nurses. The survey consisted of a demographic questionnaire, the Nursing Stress Scale, the WAYS of Coping Questionnaire and the SF-36 Health Survey Version 2. More frequent workplace stress predicted lower physical and mental health. Problem-focused coping was associated with better mental health. Emotion-focused coping was associated with reduced mental health. Coping styles did not predict physical health. New South Wales and New Zealand scored effectively the same on sources of workplace stress, stress coping methods, and physical and mental health when controlling for relevant variables. Results suggest mental health benefits for nurses who use problem-solving to cope with stress by addressing the external source of the stress, rather than emotion-focused coping in which nurses try to control or manage their internal response to stress. Cultural similarities and similar hospital environments could account for equivalent findings for New South Wales and New Zealand.
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McCloskey, B. A., & Diers, D. (2005). Effects of New Zealand's health reengineering on nursing and patient outcomes. Medical Care, 43(11), 1140–1146.
Abstract: This study sought to examine the effects that hospital re-engineering may have on adverse patient outcomes and the nursing workforce. In 1993, New Zealand implemented policies aimed at controlling costs in the country's public health care system through market competition, generic management, and managerialism. The study was a retrospective, longitudinal analysis of administrative data. Relationships between adverse outcome rates and nursing workforce characteristics were examined using autoregression analysis. All medical and surgical discharges from New Zealand's public hospitals (n=3.3 million inpatient discharges) from 1989 through 2000 and survey data from the corresponding nursing workforce (n=65,221 nurse responses) from 1993 through 2000 were examined. Measures included the frequency of 11 nurse sensitive patient outcomes, average length of stay, and mortality along with the number of nursing full time equivalents (FTEs), hours worked, and skill mix. After 1993, nursing FTEs and hours decreased 36% and skill mix increased 18%. Average length of stay decreased approximately 20%. Adverse clinical outcome rates increased substantially. Mortality decreased among medical patients and remained stable among surgical patients. The relationship between changes in nursing and adverse outcomes rates over time were consistently statistically significant. The authors conclude that in the chaotic environment created by re-engineering policy, patient care quality declined as nursing FTEs and hours decreased. The study provides insight into the role organisational change plays in patient outcomes, the unintended consequences of health care re-engineering and market approaches in health care, and nursing's unique contribution to quality of care.
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Crowe, M., & Carlyle, D. (2003). Deconstructing risk assessment and management in mental health nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 43(1), 19–27.
Abstract: The aims of the study were to provide a deconstructive analysis of the concepts of risk and risk management, and to explore the historical context of mental disorder and the concept of risk, the clinical context of risk assessment and management, the cultural, political and economic context of risk, and the impact on mental health nursing and consumers of mental health services. This is undertaken by providing a critical review of the history of mental illness and its relationship to risk, examination of government policy on clinical risk management, analysis of a risk assessment model and a discussion of the political and economic factors that have influenced the use of risk assessment and management in clinical practice. The concept of risk and its assessment and management have been employed in the delivery of mental health services as a form of contemporary governance. One consequence of this has been the positioning of social concerns over clinical judgement. The process employed to assess and manage risk could be regarded as a process of codification, commodification and aggregation. In the mental health care setting this can mean attempting to control the actions and behaviours of consumers and clinicians to best meet the fiscal needs of the organisation. The authors conclude that the mental health nursing profession needs to examine carefully its socially mandated role as guardians of those who pose a risk to others to ensure that its practice represents its espoused therapeutic responsibilities.
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Hunt, G., Verstappen, A., Stewart, L., Kool, B., & Slark, J. (2020). Career interests of undergraduate nursing students: A ten-year longitudinal study. Nurse Education in Practice, 43. Retrieved June 16, 2024, from http://hdl.handle.net/2292/49810
Abstract: Describes career interests of over 500 undergraduate nursing students in New Zealand over a ten-year period. Invites all Bachelor of Nursing cohorts commencing between 2006 and 2016 to complete a questionnaire which includes questions about their career interests. Identifies emergency care and child health as strongest career interests at entry, with child health and surgery the prevailing interests at exit.
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Budge, C., Carryer, J. B., & Wood, S. (2003). Health correlates of autonomy, control and professional relationships in the nursing work environment. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 42(3), 260–268.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine nursing in New Zealand and to see whether aspects of the work environment are associated with health status. A total of 225 registered nurses in a general hospital completed the Revised Nursing Work Index (NWI-R) and Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Ratings indicated that the New Zealand hospital environment was characterized by less autonomy and control and better nurse-physician relations than in USA hospitals. Results of correlations demonstrated that more positive ratings of the three workplace attributes were associated with better health status amongst the nurses. The results of regression analyses were indicative either of a confounding relationship or of a mediating relationship such that nurses' relations with physicians, administration and other departments mediate the associations between autonomy, control and health status.
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McKenna, B., Smith, N. A., Poole, S., & Coverdale, J. (2003). Horizontal violence: Experiences of registered nurses in their first year of practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 42(1), 90–96.
Abstract: The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of horizontal violence, or bullying, experienced by nurses in their first year of practice; to describe the characteristics of the most distressing incidents experienced; to determine the consequences, and measure the psychological impact, of such events; and to determine the adequacy of training received to manage horizontal violence. An anonymous survey was mailed to 1169 nurses in New Zealand who had registered in the year prior to November 2000 with a response rate of 47%. Many new graduates experienced horizontal violence across all clinical settings. Absenteeism from work, the high number of respondents who considered leaving nursing, and scores on the Impact of Event Scale all indicated the serious impact of interpersonal conflict. Nearly half of the events described were not reported, only 12% of those who described a distressing incident received formal debriefing, and the majority of respondents had no training to manage the behaviour.
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O'Brien, A. P., O'Brien, A. J., Hardy, D. J., Morrison-Ngatai, E., Gaskin, C. J., Boddy, J. M., et al. (2003). The New Zealand development and trial of mental health nursing clinical indicators: A bicultural study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 40(8), 853–861.
Abstract: This paper describes the development and validation of bicultural clinical indicators that measure achievement of mental health nursing practice standards in New Zealand (ANZMCHN, 1995, Standards of practice for mental health nursing in New Zealand). A four-stage research design was utilised including focus groups, Delphi surveys, a pilot, and a national field study, with mental health nurses and consumers as participants. Results revealed a variation in the mean occurrence of the clinical indicators in consumer case notes of 18.5-89.9%. Five factors with good internal consistency, encompassing domains of mental health nursing required for best practice, were derived from analysis of the questionnaire. This study presents a research framework for developing culturally and clinically valid, reliable measures of clinical practice.
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Adams, S. (2023). 'New Zealand Nurses: Caring for Our People 1880-1950' : An interview with author Pamela Wood. Nursing Praxis in Aotearoa New Zealand, 39(1). Retrieved June 16, 2024, from http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36951/001c.75238
Abstract: Draws on a conversation between Wood and Adams, both tauiwi (non-Maori) academics, exploring challenges, innovations, and paradigms of care at a time in NZ history when colonising processes had already affected Maori. Traces the origins of rural, district and Plunket nursing. Provides insight into the structure and content of the book, its value in recording the history, proactive leadership, and practice of modern nursing as instigated by the British nursing diaspora.
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Wiapo, C., Sami, L., Komene, E., Wilkinson, S., Davis, J., Cooper, B., et al. (2023). From kaimahi to enrolled nurse: A successful workforce initiative to increase Maori nurses in primary health care. Nursing Praxis in Aotearoa New Zealand, 39(1). Retrieved June 16, 2024, from http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36951/001c.74476
Abstract: Describes a national initiative to increase the capacity and capability of the Maori health workforce by supporting kaimahi (unregulated health workers) to become enrolled nurses (EN) delivering care within their communities. Uses Kaupapa Maori principles to create a strengths-based framework, focusing on self-determination and validating Matauranga Maori (Maori knowledge). Outlines the key components of the Earn as you Learn model.
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Zambas, S., Dewar, J., & McGregor, J. (2023). The Maori student nurse experience of cohorting: Enhancing retention and professional identity as a Maori nurse. Nursing Praxis in Aotearoa New Zealand, 39(1). Retrieved June 16, 2024, from http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36951/001c.73358
Abstract: Identifies cohorting as a culturally-responsive teaching and learning strategy, which in the case of a Bachelor of Health Science Nursing programme led to whanaungatanga (connection), tikanga (correct practice), wananga (learning conversation), and manaakitanga (ethic of care) among the Maori cohorts. Conducts focus groups with students in years two and three of the programme to explore their experiences.
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Butcher, D., & Hales, C. (2023). Ensuring doctoral research is relevant to the international nursing community. Nursing Praxis in Aotearoa New Zealand, 39(2). Retrieved June 16, 2024, from http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36951/001c.91265
Abstract: Argues that nurses undertaking doctoral research have a responsibility to ensure their research engages with international nursing research and is relevant post-doctorally. Distinguishes between the purpose of PhDs and Professional Doctorates. Finds that nursing doctoral graduates are impeded from assuming leading roles in funded research. Attempts to find ways to address this challenge, suggesting that remote attendance at conferences and Internet communication with nurse researchers overseas encourages an international perspective on nursing topics. Backgrounds the establishment of an international nursing research community between Oxford Brookes University in the UK and Victoria University of Wellington in NZ.
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Jull, A. (2023). Becoming a clinical triallist: challenges and opportunities for nursing research. Nursing Praxis in Aotearoa New Zealand, 39(2). Retrieved June 16, 2024, from http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36951/001c.87895
Abstract: Asks what is the value of randomised ccontrolled trials (RCT), and argues that different trial designs are appropriate for different types of question, e.g. intervention, aetiology, diagnosis, prognosis, therapy, and experience. Backgrounds the formation of the Cochrane Collaboration. Relates the author's own experience in becoming a clinical triallist and considers the barriers to nurses running RCTs. Explains the need and intent of the Australasian Nursing and Midwifery Clinical Trials Network (ANMCTN)
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Marshall, D. (2023). The impact of simulation-based learning activity using actor patients on final year nursing students' learning. Nursing Praxis in Aotearoa New Zealand, 39(2). Retrieved June 16, 2024, from http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36951/001c.87843
Abstract: Investigated final-year nursing students' perception of the effectiveness of a ward-based simulation learning activity using actor patients. Conducts focus group interviews after the simulation and three months later after clinical placement. Identifies three themes: decreasing the theory-practice gap; decision-making; nursing behaviour.
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Meeks, M., Miligan, K., Seaton, P., & Josland, H. (2023). Interprofessional education: let's listen to the students. Nursing Praxis in Aotearoa New Zealand, 39(2). Retrieved June 16, 2024, from http://dx.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36951/001c.87828
Abstract: Invites pre-registration nursing and medical students to write down questions to ask of students in the other discipline. Provides these questions for discussion in a facilitated interprofessional group session. Uses descriptive thematic analysis to inductively analyse the written data, from which three themes emerged: lack of knowledge about each profession, misperceptions about the other profession, and the desire to develop interprofessional relationships.
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