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Author Litchfield, M.; Laws, M. openurl 
  Title Achieving family health and cost-containment outcomes: Innovation in the New Zealand Health Sector Reforms Type (up) Book Chapter
  Year 1999 Publication Cohen,E. & De Back,V. (Eds.), The outcomes mandate: New roles, rules and relationships. Case management in health care today (pp. 306-316) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Advanced nursing practice; Nurse managers; Teamwork; Nurse-family relations; Leadership; Health reforms  
  Abstract The chapter presents the research findings of the 1992-1993 Wellington Nurse Case Management Scheme Project as a distinct model of nurse case management, which introduced a role and form of practice of a family nurse and a diagram of the service delivery structure required for support and relevant for the New Zealand health system reforms.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 1169  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title The nursing praxis of family health Type (up) Book Chapter
  Year 2005 Publication Picard, C & Jones, D., Giving voice to what we know (pp.73-82) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Nursing research; Nursing philosophy; Nurse-family relations  
  Abstract The chapter explores the process of nursing practice and how it contributes to health, derived from research undertaken in New Zealand. It presents the nature of nursing research as if practice – the researcher as if practitioner – establishing a foundation for the development of nursing knowledge that would make a distinct contribution to health and health care. It includes the philosophy and practicalities of nursing through the use of a case study of nursing a family with complex health circumstances.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ 1185 Serial 1170  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title Achieving health in a rural community: A case study of nurse – community partnership Type (up) Book Whole
  Year 2004 Publication Abbreviated Journal University and Polytechnic Libraries, NZNO Library  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords Rural health services; Nursing models; Advanced nursing practice; Health promotion; Organisational change  
  Abstract This study describes rural, nurse-led health services provided by the Takapau Health Centre (Central Hawkes Bay) and its outreach, Norsewood & District Health Centre. The study looks at its model of service delivery through to 2002. It examines the establishment, development, funding and management of the service, along with the nursing practice and the healthcare people received. The book is a snapshot of nursing initiative and survival through a decade of change in health policy and service funding and delivery. The information was subsequently used to move the health centre service into the new paradigm of primary health care launched in the New Zealand Health Strategy.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ 1183 Serial 1168  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title Computers and the form of nursing to come Type (up) Conference Article
  Year 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal Held by NZNO Library and author  
  Volume Proceedings of the Inaugural National Nursing Info Issue Pages 81-90  
  Keywords Nursing: Computers; Technology  
  Abstract A paper presented at the annual conference of Nursing Informatics New Zealand (subsequently incorporated into the collective organisation, Health Informatics NZ).  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1317  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title The nation's health and our response Type (up) Conference Article
  Year 1992 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Keynote address at the 1992 NERF/NZNZ National Nur Issue Pages  
  Keywords Nursing; Health reforms; Nurse-family relations  
  Abstract An analysis of the challenges for the nursing profession of the Government's health reforms. The findings of the 10-month Wellington Nurse Case Management Project 1991-1992, including the description of family nursing practice, what it achieved for health and the service delivery model that would position family nurses in the health reforms were used to provide an exemplar for the nuyrising contribution to health policy for the health reforms. The paper identified a vacum for the reorientating of health care provision to patients/clients and health need and the call to nursesw to take leadership in goving direction to the reorientation.  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1319  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title The language of nursing practice in hospitals Type (up) Conference Article
  Year 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal held by NZNO Library and author  
  Volume Proceedings of the National Nursing Informatics Co Issue Pages  
  Keywords Hospitals; Nurse managers; Advanced nursing practice; Nurse-patient relations; Care plans  
  Abstract A paper presenting the findings of a small research project involving a group of self-selected senior nurses of Wellington Hospital to explore the nature of nursing practice in the care and management of hospitalised patients and to formalise the language that would acknowledge its significance in the current effort of hospitals to define patient care pathways. The nature of hospital nursing practice was described in themes of a generic process of nurse-patient care that articulates a distinct specialism of hospital nursing, whatever the hospital department in which nurses hold positions.  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1322  
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Author van Wissen, K.A.; Litchfield, M.; Maling, T. openurl 
  Title Living with high blood pressure Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication Journal of Advanced Nursing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 27 Issue 3 Pages 567-574  
  Keywords  
  Abstract An interdisciplinary (nursing-medicine) collaboration in a qualitative descriptive research project undertaken in the Wellington School of Medicine with New Zealand Health Research Council funding. The purpose was to inform the practice of nursing and medical practitioners. A group of patients were interviewed in their homes. Their experience of having a diagnosis of hypertension and prescription of long-term treatment requiring adjustment in their lives and the lives of their families is presented as themes.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 360  
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Author Litchfield, M.; Noroian, E. openurl 
  Title Changes in selected pulmonary functions in patients diagnosed with myasthenia gravis Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Journal of Neuroscience – Nursing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 21 Issue 6 Pages 375-381  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Patients with myisthenia gravis (MG) face major pulmary problems as a part of the disease process. In this descriptive study, changes in selected pulmonary functions (respiratory rate, negative inspiratory force, tidal volume and forced total capacity) in 14 patients diagnosed with mild or moderate MG were measured every two hours from 8.00 a.m. to 8.00 p.m. Females comprised 64% of the sample while 36% were males. All subjects received anticholnesterase medication, and some subjects received additional treatment modalities. Most of the subjects were non-smokers or previous smokers, but two subjects continued to smoke. Ninety-three recent of the sample had forced vital capacities less than 60% of their predicted values. Myasthenic forced vital capacities were significantly lower (p=.0000) than those predicted for normal subjects. The inspiratory force for the sample was low sat 8:00 a.m. as well as in females over 55 years of age. There was a wide variation in total volume to normal values derived from random tables and predicted equations ws not significant. Th major implications from this study are the need to assess pulmonary function in the hospitalized myasthenic every two hours, and the need for a program of coughing, deep breathing and sighing after medication administration when the muscles are strongest  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ 370 Serial 370  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title Thinking through diagnosis: Process in nursing practice Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1986 Publication Nursing Praxis in New Zealand Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 1 Issue 4 Pages 9-12  
  Keywords Diagnosis; Nursing philosophy; Nursing research  
  Abstract A paper following on from the paper “Between the idea and reality” (Nursing Praxis in New Zealand 1(2), 17-29) proposing the focus for the discipline of nursing – practice and research – is diagnosis. For nursing practice, diagnosis is a practice that collapses “The Nursing Process”; for research to develop nursing practice, diagnosis is one continuous relational process that merges and makes the separate tasks od assessment, intervention and evaluation redundant.  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1314  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title Knowledge embedded in practice Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1989 Publication Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 82 Issue 10 Pages 24-25  
  Keywords Nursing research; diagnosis; Education; Nursing philosophy  
  Abstract A statement of the nature of research needed to distinguish the knowledge of nursing practice from knowledge developed by other disciplines. It orients to the interrelationship of practice and research as the foundation of the discipline of nursing.  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1315  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title Nursing education: Direction with purpose Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1991 Publication Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 84 Issue 7 Pages 22-24  
  Keywords Nursing education  
  Abstract  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1316  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title Computers and the form of nursing to come Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1992 Publication International Journal of Health Informatics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 7-10  
  Keywords Computers; Nursing; Technology  
  Abstract An invited paper for the initial issue of the IJHI. Adapted from a paper presented at the annual conference of Nursing Informatics New Zealand, 1991 (subsequently incorporated into the collective organisation, Health Informatics, NZ.  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1318  
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Author Litchfield, M. openurl 
  Title Practice wisdom Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Advances in Nursing Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 62-73  
  Keywords Nursing research; Nursing; Health knowledge  
  Abstract The paper is the report of two cumulative research projects studying the nature of nursing knowledge and methodology to develop it. They were undertaken as theses for masters and doctoral degrees at the University of Minnesota, USA. Nursing knowledge is depicted as relational: an evolving participatory process of research-as-if-practice of which 'health' (its meaning), dialogue, partnership and pattern recognition are threads inter-related around personal values of vision and community.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ 1186 Serial 1171  
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Author Jonsdottir, H.; Litchfield, M.; Pharris, M. openurl 
  Title Partnership in practice Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Research & Theory for Nursing Practice Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 51-63  
  Keywords Nurse-patient relations; Nursing philosophy; Nursing research  
  Abstract This article presents a reconsideration of partnership between nurse and client as the core of the nursing discipline. It points to the significance of the relational nature of partnership, differentiating its features and form from the prevalent understanding associated with prescriptive interventions to achieve predetermined goals and outcomes. The meaning of partnership is presented within the nursing process where the caring presence of the nurse becomes integral to the health experience of the client as the potential for action. Exemplars provide illustration of this emerging view in practice and research. This is the first of a series of articles written as a partnership between nurse scholars from Iceland, New Zealand and the USA. The series draws on research projects that explored the philosophical, theoretical, ethical and practical nature of nursing practice and its significance for health and healthcare in a world of changing need.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 1172  
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Author Jonsdottir, H.; Litchfield, M.; Pharris, M. openurl 
  Title The relational core of nursing practice as partnership Type (up) Journal Article
  Year Publication Journal of Advanced Nursing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 47 Issue 3 Pages 241-250  
  Keywords Nurse-patient relations; Nursing philosophy; Nursing research  
  Abstract This article elaborates the meaning of partnership in practice for nurses practising in different and complementary way to nurses in specialist roles and medical practitioners. It positions partnership as the relational core of nursing practice. Partnership is presented as an evolving dialogue between nurse and patient, which is characterised by open, caring, mutually responsive and non-directive approaches. This partnership occurs within a health system that is dominated by technologically-driven, prescriptive, and outcome-oriented approaches. It is the second of a series of articles written as a partnership between nurse scholars from Iceland, NZ and USA.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ 1188 Serial 1173  
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