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Milligan, K., & Neville, S. J. (2001). Health assessment and its relationship to nursing practice in New Zealand. Contemporary Nurse, 10(1/2), 7–11.
Abstract: This article draws on Australian experience to gain insight to three specific areas of health assessment that are topical in New Zealand, which has recently introduced the concept into nursing training. The issues are annual registration based on evidence of competence to practice, a review of undergraduate curricula, and the development of nurse practitioner/advanced nurse practitioner roles. The meaning of the concept 'health assessment' is also clarified in order to provide consistency as new initiatives in nursing are currently being developed.
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Walker, J., Bailey, S., Brasell-Brian, R., & Gould, S. (2001). Evaluating a problem based learning course: An action research study. Contemporary Nurse, 10(1/2), 30–38.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate how the New Zealand style of problem based learning was developing students' understanding and integration of knowledge. The 'pure' problem based learning process has been adapted to move students gradually from teacher direction to taking responsibility for their learning. Two cycles of an action research method were used, involving 4 lecturers and 17 students. Data was collected both quantitatively and qualitatively over a 16-week period. Findings indicated the importance of: explaining the purpose and process of problem based learning; communicating in detail the role of both students and lecturers; keeping communication lines open; addressing timetabling issues and valuing this method of learning for nursing practice. Implications for nursing education are addressed.
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Bland, M. F. (2002). Patient observation in nursing home research: Who was that masked woman? [corrected] [published erratum appears in Contemporary Nurse 2002 Apr; 12(2): 135]. Contemporary Nurse, 12(1), 42–48.
Abstract: This article discusses the issues that one nurse researcher faced during participant observation in three New Zealand nursing homes. These include the complexity of the nurse researcher role, the blurring of role boundaries, and various ethical concerns that arose, including the difficulties of ensuring that all those who were involved in the study were kept informed as to the researcher's role and purpose. Strategies used to maintain ethical and role integrity are outlined, with further debate and discussion around fieldwork issues and experiences for nurse researchers called for.
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McKenna, B., Simpson, A. I. F., & Coverdale, J. (2006). Best practice management strategies for mental health nurses during the clinical application of civil commitment: An overview. Contemporary Nurse, 21(1), 62–70.
Abstract: The aim of this article is to outline best practice management strategies for nurses during the clinical application of civil commitment of mentally ill persons. A literature search on 'coercion' and 'civil commitment' was undertaken. Published and unpublished research undertaken by the authors in New Zealand on this topic was drawn upon. This research considered the use of civil commitment during admission to acute mental health services, acute forensic mental health services and community mental health services. The experience of coercion by service users coincides with the degree of restriction associated with the service they are involved in. Socio-demographic factors, clinical factors and the experience of coercive events have little bearing on the amount of coercion experienced. Rather, it is the pattern of communication and the use of 'procedural justice' that has the potential to ameliorate the amount of perceived coercion. The authors conclude that 'Procedural justice' aligns with the emphasis placed on the therapeutic relationship in mental health nursing and is an important consideration for nurses during the clinical application of civil commitment
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Hall, L. (2001). Burnout: Results of an empirical study of New Zealand nurses. Contemporary Nurse, 11(1), 71–83.
Abstract: This is the first New Zealand study to use the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Phase Model of Burnout to determine the extent and severity of burnout in a population of 1134 nurses. Burnout is conceptualised as a syndrome consisting of three components-emotional exhaustion, reduced personal accomplishment and depersonalisation of clients or patients that occurs in individuals who work in the human service professions, particularly nursing. It has been observed that nurses are at a high risk of burnout and burnout has been described as the 'professional cancer' of nursing. Results revealed an overall 'low to average' level of burnout, suggesting that New Zealand nurses, apart from those in the 41-45 age group, are doing better than expected insofar as they are managing to avoid or not progress to the advanced phases of burnout. Possible explanations and directions for future research are presented.
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Wilson, D., McBride-Henry, K., & Huntington, A. D. (2005). Family violence: Walking the tight rope between maternal alienation and child safety. Contemporary Nurse, 18(1-2), 85–96.
Abstract: This paper discusses the complexity of family violence for nurses negotiating the 'tight rope' between the prime concern for the safety of children and further contributing to maternal alienation, within a New Zealand context. The premise that restoration of the mother-child relationship is paramount for the long-term wellbeing of both the children and the mother provides the basis for discussing implications for nursing practice. Evidence shows that when mothers are supported and have the necessary resources there is a reduction in the violence and abuse she and her children experience; this occurs even in situations where the mother is the primary abuser of her children. The family-centred care philosophy, which is widely accepted as the best approach to nursing care for children and their families, creates tension for nurses caring for children who are the victims of abuse as this care generally occurs away from the context of the family.
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DeSouza, R. (2005). Transforming possibilities of care: Goan migrant motherhood in New Zealand. Contemporary Nurse, 20(1), 87–101.
Abstract: This paper reports on a study of the maternity care experiences of women from Goa (India) in Auckland. Multiple research strategies were incorporated into the process to prevent reproduction of deficiency discourses. Interviews were carried out with Goan women who had experiences of migration and motherhood. The findings revealed that as a consequence of motherhood and migration, migrant mothers were able to reclaim and re-invent innovative solutions. Nurses and other health professionals can have a significant role in supporting women and their families undergoing the transition to parenthood in a new country and develop their knowledge and understanding of this dual transition.
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Day, W. (2003). Women and cardiac rehabilitation: A review of the literature. Contemporary Nurse, 16(1-2), 92–101.
Abstract: This literature review explores some of the issues related to women's experience of cardiac rehabilitation and demonstrates that women's experience may be different to that of men. Much of the research related to coronary heart disease (CHD) has been performed using either exclusively male populations or such small numbers of women that the results from the women studied were unable to be analysed independently. The author advocates that nurses working within this area of practice require an understanding of women's experience of recovery from a heart attack in order to better meet their needs.
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Muir-Cochrane, E., Holmes, C., & Walton, J. A. (2002). Law and policy in relation to the use of seclusion in psychiatric hospitals in Australia and New Zealand. Contemporary Nurse, 13(2/3), 136–145.
Abstract: This paper discusses legal issues associated with the seclusion of acutely disturbed patients in psychiatric hospitals in Australia and New Zealand. There continues to be great variation in opinion and operational definition as to whether seclusion is a medical treatment, nursing intervention and management tool, or merely a form of situational restraint. Reflecting this lack of clarity, mental health acts and policies concerning the regulation and practice of seclusion lack consistency and focus across geographical boundaries and jurisdictions. Australian and New Zealand legislation and institutional policy is discussed in order to shed light on the contemporary issues highlighted by this controversial nursing practice. The authors note that mental health professionals must continue to review the practice of seclusion and to actively promote the use of acceptable alternatives. In addition nurses and other mental health professionals have a responsibility to understand current legislation and policy frameworks and to influence change where this is necessary to ensure the best practice possible in their clinical area.
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O'Brien, A. J., Hughes, F., & Kidd, J. D. (2006). Mental health nursing in New Zealand primary health care. Contemporary Nurse, 21(1), 142–152.
Abstract: This article describes the move in mental health from institutional care to community arrangements. It draws on international literature and New Zealand health policy, which gives increased emphasis to the role of the primary health care sector in responding to mental health issues. These issues include the need for health promotion, improved detection and treatment of mild to moderate mental illness, and provision of mental health care to some of those with severe mental illness who traditionally receive care in secondary services. These developments challenge specialist mental health nurses to develop new roles which extend their practice into primary health care. In some parts of New Zealand this process has been under way for some time in the form of shared care projects. However developments currently are ad hoc and leave room for considerable development of specialist mental health nursing roles, including roles for nurse practitioners in primary mental health care.
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Smye, V., Rameka, M., & Willis, E. (2006). Indigenous health care: Advances in nursing practice. Contemporary Nurse, 22(2), 142–154.
Abstract: In this introduction to a special issue on nursing with indigenous peoples, the authors affirm the need for continued application of tools and strategies for thinking critically about issues of culture, history and race. Without these things, evidence of discriminatory policies and practices in the health system remain hidden to many health professionals. Attention to socio-political structures is as essential to promoting health and preventing illness as are nurses' activities with the individual clients. To develop critical consciousness in nursing requires educational strategies and frameworks that focus on the responsibilities and implications of practicing nursing in a postcolonial context where race and power continue to create patterns of inclusion and exclusion in health care settings. The authors suggest that many contemporary nursing programmes fail to provide such strategies and frameworks, and argue that nursing must view critical analyses of these issues as central aspects of nursing education, research, theory and practice. They go on to engage with the notion of cultural safety as a means of fostering a critical political and social consciousness in nursing to create an opportunity for social transformation.
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McKey, A., & Huntington, A. D. (2004). Obesity in pre-school children: Issues and challenges for community based child health nurses. Contemporary Nurse, 18(1-2), 145–151.
Abstract: In this paper, literature related to childhood obesity in New Zealand and internationally is explored to identify current issues, and the implications for nurses in community based child health practice are discussed. Themes that emerged from the literature relate to the measurement of obesity, links between childhood and adult obesity and issues for families. Studies that investigated maternal perceptions of childhood obesity found that mothers identified their child as being overweight or obese only when it imposed limitations on physical activity or when the children were teased rather than by referring to individual growth graphs. The implications for nursing in the area of child health practice are discussed. Understanding of the complex and emotive issues surrounding childhood obesity is required when devising health promotion strategies.
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Nicol, M. J., Manoharan, H., Marfell-Jones, M., Meha-Hoerara, K., Milne, R., O'Connell, M., et al. (2002). Issues in adolescent health: A challenge for nursing. Contemporary Nurse, 12(2), 155–163.
Abstract: This review provides an overview of the health issues for adolescents, and the implications for nursing practice, particularly around health promotion. It looks at the social context of adolescents including peer pressure, along with health issues such as suicide, mental health, sexual health, and smoking.
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Clendon, J. (2004). Demonstrating outcomes in a nurse-led clinic: How primary health care nurses make a difference to children and their families. Contemporary Nurse, 18(1-2), 164–176.
Abstract: The study outlined here explored outcomes from the provision of primary health care to children aged 5-13 years in a nurse-led clinic based in a primary school in Auckland. This multi-faceted study collected both qualitative and quantitative data, however it is the results of the quantitative arm of the study that are presented here. Data were collected from a variety of sources concerning conditions seen, age and ethnicity of users, types of services provided and impact on hospital usage. Findings demonstrate that the provision of comprehensive primary health care by the nurse at the clinic impacts positively on hospital visitation by children from the area where the clinic is located.
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Wilson, D., & Neville, S. J. (2008). Nursing their way not our way: Working with vulnerable and marginalised populations. Contemporary Nurse, 27(2), 165–176.
Abstract: This paper uses the findings of two studies to explore the nature of nurses' practice when working with vulnerable and marginalised populations, particularly with regard to the attributes of holism and individualised care. The first study was with the elderly with delirium and used a critical gerontological methodology informed by postmodernism and Foucault's understanding of discourse. The other study with indigenous Maori women utilised Glaserian grounded theory informed by a Maori-centred methodology. The findings show that a problem focussed approach to health care is offered to patients that does not incorporate individual health experiences. In addition, the social context integral to people's lives outside of the health care environment is ignored. Consequently, the foundations of nursing practice, that of holism, is found to be merely a rhetorical construct.
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