Abstract: In November 2005, the Oxford Community Health Centre (OCHC) introduced an innovative way of delivering primary health care to the residents of Oxford. This was in response to the difficulty with recruitment and retention of medical staff for the solo General Practitioner (GP) at OCHC. Primary health care services are now the shared responsibility of the Rural Nurse Specialists (RNS) and the GPs. This initiative is underpinned by a collaborative approach in sharing patient care between the GPs and RNSs to improve access to primary health care and foster staff retention. The team at OCHC is keen to consolidate and enhance the success of collaboration. Therefore, this dissertation has reviewed a range of literature in order to identify lessons that can be learned for the future. Two key factors that have implications for OCHC are the structural effects of the organisation and the interpersonal relationships between the GPs and RNSs. The structural effects include: the structure and philosophy at OCHC, and the social, cultural, and educational influences within the organisation. It is the nature of the interpersonal relationships that can affect the development and success of collaboration through a willingness to collaborate and the existence of mutual respect, trust, and effective communication between the RNSs and GPs. Strategies to foster collaboration at OCHC in the future include: staff participation in making collaboration visible within the philosophy at OCHC, a workshop for staff to further define roles and differentiate activities according to skill-mix; and the involvement of a nurse in decision-making at the organisational level. The author suggests that these strategies could also be beneficial to other rural practices that are striving to maintain a sustainable primary health care service.