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Howie, L. (2008). Rural society and culture. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 3-18 ). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: The author takes a multidisciplinary approach to examine how the location and concept rural is defined and provides a critique of the disparate definitions available. Definitions encompass different disciplines such as sociology and anthropology, and there are national distinctions based on historical factors. The chapter also investigates the way researchers speak about rural people, particularly as the human aspect of health is a primary concern to nursing. The focus is on the socio-cultural, occupational, ecological, and health aspects of rurality. The Rural Framework Wheel is introduced, which is a method to categorise rural contextual definitions. Rurality is presented as a variable and evolving concept that provides particular challenges to nursing practice.
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Dillon, D. R. (2008). Rural contexts: Islands. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 19-30). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: This chapter explores the concept of islands particularly in relation to rurality, individual and community identities, and nursing. The author argues that all New Zealanders are islanders, and considers the implications of this on personal and community values, when they are shaped by geographic isolation and structural separateness. She explores commonalities between islanders and rural peoples in areas such as identity, isolation, and health, and outlines the impacts this has on rural nursing practice and competencies. A case study of a nurse on Stewart Island is briefly discussed.
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Stewart, A., & Thompson, R. (2005). Exploring critical thinking: In conversation with a graduate. In J. McDrury (Ed.), Nursing matters: A reader for teaching and learning in the clinical setting (pp. 9-26). Dunedin: Otago Polytechnic.
Abstract: This report presents selected aspects of an inquiry based on a conversation with Raeleen, a graduate of a post-graduate nursing programme. Raeleen talks about her experience of critical thinking during her post-graduate studies. The authors suggest that, through this conversation, it is possible to explore the nature of critical thinking and examine the important roles teachers can play in facilitating its development. Includes discussion questions prepared by Rebecca Hennephof that consider the relevance and impact of critical thinking on nursing practice.
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Howie, L. (2008). Contextualised nursing practice. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 33-49). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: This is the first of three chapters that describe nursing practice. The author presents the Rural Framework Wheel to elaborate aspects of the rural context. The Framework comprises four systems which describe aspects of rurality; being are socio-cultural, occupational, ecological, and health. These systems each comprise of subsystems, which provide a detailed analysis of the way nursing practice is particular in diverse rural settings. The Framework is presented as a work in progress, and is grounded in international nursing literature. It highlights rural nursing as a unique and challenging field, with the dominant themes of partnership and nursing emerging as underpinning the practice when nurses live and work in small, sometimes isolated communities.
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Roulston, E. (2008). Storytelling: The story of my advancing rural nursing journey. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 57-65). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: The author takes a storytelling approach to describe her advancing practice as a registered nurse in a rural context. She adapted a theoretical 'reflective learning through storytelling' framework, from McDrury and Alterio (2002). The framework includes the concepts of reflection, learning, knowledge and experience which is related to professional practice and one's self.
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Thompson, R. (2008). On call but not rostered. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 67-78). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: In this chapter the author uses storytelling to explore the legal and ethical issues she experiences as a rural volunteer registered nurse. She describes the relationship between the nurse and community embodied in areas such as the public perception of nurses, and discusses aspects of her practice in the light of the particular legal and ethical context of rural areas.
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Jamieson, I. (2008). The mobile operating theatre project. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp.81-97). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: This chapter firstly presents the development of a mobile operating theatre project, which was implemented in 2002 to provide rural day-stay surgery. Secondly, it discusses the process and findings of a research project undertaken with the purpose of evaluating a perioperative (theatre and recovery) reskilling programme offered to 42 rural nurses from nine secondary hospitals, conducted over nine months in 2001. The training was given to nurses prior to the introduction of a mobile operating theatre service, and was seen as a key part of the service contract.
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Pedersen, C. (2008). Nurse-led telephone triage service in a secondary rural hospital. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 99-110). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: This chapter describes the development of a nurse-led after-hours telephone triage service in a rural secondary hospital in the Hawke's Bay District Health Board area. This service was a response to the health restructuring in the 1990s, which had led to the shift of secondary services out of the rural areas, and workforce recruitment issues. Secondly, it discusses the process and findings of a research project undertaken to identify and describe telephone callers' reported outcomes after using the service. The study found a high level of satisfaction amongst callers and a high level of compliance to advice.
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Challis-Morrison, S. (2008). Management and guidance of patient resuscitations within secondary rural hospitals. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 111-122). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: This chapter firstly offers background information relating to the management and guidance of resuscitation within secondary rural hospitals. Secondly, it discusses the evidence related to issues concerning resuscitation and not-for-resuscitation, including issues involving medical and nursing staff, the patient experience, appropriate documentation, and cultural factors. Thirdly, it presents the findings through an implementation and evaluation plan.
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Horner, C. (2008). Emergency health provision and maintaining competency. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 125-136). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: This chapter focuses on issues associated with rural nursing and the provision of emergency care for patient(s) located remotely from secondary hospital services. All emergencies have diverse characteristics, but the rural practitioner also contends with having sole practice, professional and geographical isolation, and the lack of regular experience. The chapter reviews the PRIME (Primary Response in Medical Emergency) recommendations and training, and looks in particular at the issues around the maintenance of competency for the rural nurse providing emergency on call health care that includes managing medical and accident emergencies in the absence of a medical practitioner.
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Fitzwater, A. (2008). The impact of tourism on rural nursing practice. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 137-43). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: This chapter reviews some effects of the growth of tourism, including adventure tourism and the numbers of tourists over 50, on rural nursing practice. Tourism contributes to socio-cultural change within a community, and health resources that previously met the needs of the local community may not meet the expectations of growing numbers of tourists. The transient visitor includes both the tourist and the seasonal worker, and has become a feature of rural nursing. Major effects on rural nurses include the increased volume of work, the advanced scope of practice required to meet more complex needs of visitors, and challenges to personal and professional safety.
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Hale, R. (2008). Older patient perceptions of transitional care. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 147-152). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: The author describes transitional care as undertaken within the Waikato District Health Board health care environment. Transitional care supports people moving between acute health care (inpatient) and primary health care (home). It is a rehabilitative model based in smaller, predominantly rural communities to enable the older person to actively work towards recovery of functional ability within their own environment. Research indicates this rehabilitation model is applicable to the rural situation and satisfaction levels of the patients and caregivers tends to be positive.
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Ferguson, A. (2008). Diabetes prevention: What is the nutritional environment for Maori in the Southern Lakes District (North Island)? In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 153-164). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: This chapter focuses type 2 diabetes as it relates to one rural Maori community within New Zealand. It provides an in-depth discussion relating to diabetes including the burden of diabetes in New Zealand and evidence for prevention which is played out in an increasing obesogenic environment. The process and findings of a research project to 'map out' the food environment within the Southern Lakes District are reported. Purposive sampling was used to survey 124 food outlets in the area, and findings confirmed the existence of an obesogenic environment for Maori. Such an environment is characterised by an abundance of cheap, energy dense foods, and pricing gradients that favour consumption of such foods.
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Campbell, K. (2008). Experiences of rural women who have cared for their terminally ill partners. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 166-178). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: This chapter firstly offers background information in relation to palliative care and the role of women as providers of care in the home setting. Secondly, it discusses a study that evolved from a trend the author observed as a district nurse providing community palliative care in rural New Zealand and from New Zealand literature; that the majority of carers of the terminally ill in home-settings are women. The aim of this research study was to offer insights into the requirements of caring for a dying person at home and provide information to assist nurses working in the community and other women who take on the caregiver's role.
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Robertson, A. M. (2008). Rural women and maternity services. In Jean Ross (Ed.), Rural nursing: Aspects of practice (pp. 179-97). [Dunedin]: Rural Health Opportunities.
Abstract: The author discusses the roles that nurses undertake in response to rural communities' health needs, focusing on the provision of maternity service. The author reviews structural changes such as the 1990 Amendment to the Nurses Act 1977 which, the author suggests, introduced a climate of professional rivalry, changes in funding that cut back general practitioners in the field, and the development of Lead Maternity Carers. Despite controversial developments, New Zealand maternity services have evolved to include a unique and internationally respected model of midwifery care. However, the author highlights several areas that limit the positive contribution of rural nurses and midwives. These include workforce recruitment and retention, equity of access, and issues around maintaining competency and education.
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