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Hales, A., & Dignam, D. (2002). Nurse prescribing lessons from the US. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 8(10), 12–15.
Abstract: The researchers present a survey of a sample population of 32 advanced practice nurses (APN) in the US about their experiences of acquiring and implementing prescriptive authority. The issues relevant to nurse practitioners in New Zealand are discussed, around acquiring knowledge and education, relationships with other professionals, establishing the role, and retaining the nursing role. The intent and scope of APN prescribing in the US is also discussed.
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Haggerty, C. (2002). Preceptorship for entry into practice. Whitireia Nursing Journal, 9, 7–13.
Abstract: The author examines some of the issues affecting preceptorship in relation to a graduate diploma programme of psychiatric mental health nursing. Previous research by the author lead to recommendations on clarifying the roles and responsibilities of those involved in the programme, and improving preceptor selection, training, support and evaluation. By providing such clarity and support, the preceptor role in the clinical setting is given the best chance to succeed.
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Gohns, A. (2002). Management of opioid substitution treatment in the primary health care setting: A national training course for service providers. Full text online from the Royal New Zealand College of General Practitioners' website, 29(3), 172–175.
Abstract: The aim of this research was to describe a national opioid treatment training programme that was introduced into primary health care, and evaluate its effectiveness following its first year of operation. The programme was introduced as a strategy to recruit, train and support a primary health care workforce in the provision of methadone treatment. For the evaluation a written questionnaire was sent to the general practitioner, practice nurse and pharmacist participants of training programmes held throughout New Zealand in 2000. One hundred and forty-five (98%) participants reported that the overall quality of the course was good or better, and that relevant issues were, in general, covered. However a recurring theme related to difficulties in designing a course relevant to the three different professional groups, with some material not equally applicable to all. Another prominent theme pertained to the issue of funding. general practitioners lamented the failure to address the issue of transferring patients from a free specialist clinic to their practice for care. The evaluation of this pilot programme indicates that this training in methadone maintenance treatment was well-received by primary health care providers. However, the author notes that there is no benchmark with which to compare it.
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Gillard, D. (2002). When I am nursing. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: Over the last century the nursing profession has drawn from numerous theories and disciplines to construct its own theoretical foundations. While this diversity and flexibility may be one of the nursing profession's strengths it may have contributed to nurses' difficulty in explaining the complexities of their every day clinical work. This is a particular challenge for the domain of mental health nursing. This dissertation discusses how nursing models that have credibility at a clinical level can contribute to informing and advancing nursing practice. Models can achieve this by assisting nurses to conceptualise and articulate what it is they do that makes a difference to patient outcomes. Through this process nurses can maintain a distinct professional identity and establish themselves as effective members of multidisciplinary health team. Specifically, the application and limitations of Godkin's (2001) proposed model of a 'healing presence' to the author's own practice in a one-to-one nurse-adolescent client relationship in the mental health nursing is examined. It is claimed that a 'healing presence' provides a meaningful way to understanding the author's own practice. The proposed model of a 'healing presence' embraces the diversity of her background, and allows the author to maintain a nursing identity by providing a nursing framework to critique her practice, furthering her understanding of what it is that 'expert' nurses do and how this impacts on patient outcomes. Also suggested is that a 'healing presence' can contribute to the author's own and other nurses advanced nursing practice by making nursing visible to the multidisciplinary health team and to articulate “what it is that I do 'when I am nursing'”. Through presenting this dissertation, the author wishes to inspire other nurses to examine and understand their own practice.
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Garrod, A. (2002). Cultural safety: Living with disability. Whitireia Nursing Journal, 9, 14–19.
Abstract: This article outlines some of the health experiences and concerns of people with physical and/or mental disabilities. These experiences and concerns are explored within the context of the practice of cultural safety. In 1996, the Nursing Council of New Zealand adopted its definition of cultural safety and defines 'culture', in the context of 'cultural safety', as involving all people who are not part of the culture of nursing. Each person with a disability is unique, and they may also be part of a larger disability culture, which has its own shared experiences, values, beliefs and lifestyles. People with disabilities are also a minority within the population. Therefore, any power they might have within their own culture is minimal, compared to the advantages enjoyed by the rest of the population.
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Fourie, W., & Oliver, J. D. (2002). Defining currency of practice for nurse educators. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 18(3), 30–39.
Abstract: Recent Nursing Council of New Zealand guidelines for competence-based practising certificates and the fact that all nurse educators must have a current practising certificate prompted the Nursing Schools within the Tertiary Accord of New Zealand (TANZ) to explore issues surrounding current competency in practice and how this can be maintained by nurse educators. The authors note that discussions related to competence-based practising certificates generally refer to competence only in terms of direct patient care. They set out to clarify the issue with specific reference to nurse educators who, by the nature of their scope of practice, often do not carry a patient caseload. They review the literature relating to currency of practice and draw on the findings of a survey of TANZ Nursing Schools and provide a position on how currency of practice applies to nurses working in an educational setting. They present strategies to maintain clinical, teaching and scholarly currency and make some suggestions for providing evidence that currency of practice is maintained.
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Finlayson, M., & Gower, S. E. (2002). Hospital restructuring: Identifying the impact on patients and nurses. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 18(2), 27–35.
Abstract: The authors report a survey of all nurses working in hospitals included in the International Hospital Outcomes Study of staffing and patient outcomes in New Zealand's secondary and tertiary hospitals from 1988-2001. The survey examines the way in which the hospitals have been restructured and analyses patient outcomes. Research has identified links between how nursing is organised in a hospital and that hospital's patient outcomes.
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Farrow, T., McKenna, B., & O'Brien, A. J. (2002). Initiating committal proceedings 'just in case' with voluntary patients: A critique of nursing practice. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 18(2), 15–23.
Abstract: The authors report a clinical audit that, combined with anecdotal evidence, verifies the practice of putting section 8B medical certificates on the files of voluntary mental health patients at the time of admission. This is seen as a strategy to balance the requirement to support and promote the autonomy of voluntary patients with the need to protect those patients or other people. A conceptual analysis of these issues indicates that such a practice is both legally questionable and ethically inappropriate. The authors suggest an alternative framework for practice that is legally and ethically preferable for both nurses and patients.
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Farrow, T., McKenna, B., & O'Brien, A. J. (2002). Advanced 'prescribing' of nurses' emergency holding powers under New Zealand mental health legislation. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 11(3), 164–169.
Abstract: A new approach to mental health legislation has seen the involvement of a range of health professionals in legislated mental health roles, including the power of registered nurses to detain patients in hospital under Section 111 of the New Zealand Mental Health (Compulsory Assessment and Treatment) Act (1992). Under this Section, a nurse who believes that a voluntary patient meets the legal criteria of the Act can independently detain the patient for a period of up to six hours, pending further assessment by a medical practitioner. However, anecdotal evidence and a clinical audit undertaken by the authors suggest some doctors 'prescribe' Section 111 at the time of admission. This practice instructs nurses to initiate Section 111 if particular voluntary patients choose to leave hospital. This study outlines practice issues resulting from 'prescribing' Section 111; provides a legal critique of medical practitioners' involvement in this practice; and makes recommendations for guidelines toward a more constructive use of Section 111.
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Farrow, T. (2002). Owning their expertise: Why nurses use 'no suicide contracts' rather than their own assessments. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 11(4), 214–219.
Abstract: 'No suicide contracts' are a tool commonly used by nurses in community crisis situations. At times this tool is utilised because the clinician believes that it is beneficial. However, there are other occasions when 'No suicide contracts' are introduced in a manner that runs counter to the clinical judgement of the crisis nurse. This paper discusses the results of a qualitative study that addressed the question of why nurses use 'No suicide contracts' in such situations, rather than relying on their own expertise. This analysis suggests that underlying concerns of clinicians can determentally affect decision-making in such circumstances, and recommends that rather than subjugating nursing expertise, underlying issues be addressed directly.
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Elbe, E. (2002). The private world of nursing related to incident reporting. Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: The purpose of this project was to explore the experience of nurses related to incident reporting. The reporting of incidents is important as it identifies professional risks for nurses. A descriptive qualitative approach was the methodology used and individual interviews of five senior nurses was the method of data collection. Attention was given to finding out about the supports for and barriers against nurses in reporting incidents; the outcomes for nurses of incident reporting; and the organisational culture and scope of 'professional' behaviour of nurses around incident reporting. The findings revealed that nurses identified themselves as the major reporters of incidents. They considered there was not 'a level playing field' for all professionals around who, how and why incidents were reported, investigated and within the post incident processes. The nurses reported that they made daily decisions about what was an incident, and whether to report events as incidents. They identified aids and supports to the decisions they made such as the medium for reporting and fear of what happened when the incident form left the nurse and went to management. A number of significant implications were identified for nursing, management and organisations in this research. Nurses need to feel they work in organisations which have a culture of safety around incident reporting. Management need to clearly communicate policies, processes and organisational expectations related to incident reporting. This should include how incidents will be reported, investigated and the purposes for which management use incident reporting information. It is also important that adequate structures are in place to support nurses when an incident occurs as thay can have stressful consequences for the nurses involved.
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Dickinson, A. R., & Dignam, D. (2002). Managing it: A mother's perspective of managing a pre-school child's acute asthma episode. Journal of Child Health Care, 6(1), 7–18.
Abstract: This exploratory descriptive study informed by grounded theory examines the experience of mothers in managing their pre-school child's acute asthma attack at home. The study reveals that mothers perceive that they are responsible for the management of their pre-school child during an acute asthma episode, a process they described as 'managing it'. This process involves mother in 'working on treatment', 'making the call', 'watching' and 'calming', while the husband/partner, family, friends and health professionals are 'supporting treatment'. This study suggests that nurses and doctors need to move away from the current paternalistic view of health care delivery in acute settings and embrace the concepts of support and partnership in the care of the pre-school child with asthma and their family.
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DeSouza, R. (2002). Walking upright here: Countering prevailing discourses through reflexivity and methodological pluralism. Ph.D. thesis, , .
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Davy, R. (2002). Strategy to increase smear testing of older women. Practice nurse: Official Journal of the New Zealand College of Practice Nurses, 2(3), 13–14.
Abstract: The author presents a project to increase enrolments of women aged 60-69 years in the cervical screening programme. The programme included provision of packages comprising fliers, counter signs, stickers, postcards and pens to 1387 women's groups or locations where women gather. The author collates and analyses calls to the advertised 0800 telephone number, smear tests at the Well Women's Nursing Trust, and enrolment rates on the Cervical Screening Register from June to August 2001.
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Crowe, M., O'Malley, J., & Bigwood, S. (2002). Nursing mental health consumers in the community. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 8(8), 14–15.
Abstract: The purpose of this research was to describe the characteristics of community mental health nursing care in the community. Twenty six nurses were enrolled in a study consisting of semi-structured interviews about the nature of their care. Responses were analysed to identify categories of skills. These were characterised as: establishing connectedness; promoting individual and family resilience, promoting citizenship; and addressing structural issues. Responses from the nurses are used to illustrate these categories.
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