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Brinkman, A., & Caughley, B. (2004). Measuring on-the-job stress accurately. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 18(8), 12–15.
Abstract: The authors discuss the usefulness of a generic tool to measure job stress in New Zealand workplaces, and report on a study using one such generic tool. The study involved sending questionnaires to all staff (193) who had worked at a regional women's health service for a minimum of six months. The mailed package contained the Job Stress Survey (JSS), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), demographic questions (including cultural safety), shift work questions, and a blank page for “qualitative comment”. Over 12,000 pieces of data were collected from the study but this article focuses only on the results of the JSS. The JSS can be used to determine a “job stress index” and can also be used to measure “job pressure” and “lack of organisational support”. For this study, job stress index scores were calculated and organised by occupational groupings. Midwives, nurses and doctors all cited inadequate or poor quality equipment, excessive paperwork, insufficient personal time, and frequent interruptions, as their top stressors. Three of these four stressors fall within the job pressure index. The results of the survey prompted organisational changes, including: extensive discussions; equipment being updated; management being made aware of the depth of concern felt by staff; the creation of a place for staff to have personal time; and coping intervention strategies were initiated. The authors suggest that no generic measure of job stress can fully evaluate stressors unique to a particular work setting. They support additional items being constructed and administered to assess stressors that are idiosyncratic to a particular occupational group.
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Evans-Murray, A. (2004). Meeting the needs of grieving relatives. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 10(9), 18–20.
Abstract: This article examines the role of nurses working in intensive care units who may need to work with families as they face the death of a loved one. How the nurse communicates with relatives during these crucial hours prior to the death can have profound implications on their grief recovery. Universal needs for families in this situation have been identified in the literature, and include: hope; knowing that staff care about their loved one; and having honest information about their loved one's condition. A case study is used to illustrate key skills and techniques nurses can employ to help meet these universal needs. In the first stage of grief the bereaved is in shock and may feel a sense of numbness and denial. The bereaved may feel confused and will have difficulty concentrating and remembering instructions, and they may express strong emotions. Studies on families' needs show that honest answers to questions and information about their loved one are extremely important. It is often very difficult for the nurse to give honest information when the prognosis is poor. Good communication skills and techniques are discussed, in which hope is not offered at the expense of truthfulness, and the nurse facilitates the process of saying goodbye and expressing emotions. Practical techniques, such as including the family in basic care such as foot massaging and simple hygiene routines, may also be used to move the family from being bystanders to the impending death, to comforters.
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Minchin, I. (2004). Advanced nursing in the operating theatre: The New Zealand perspective. Dissector, 32(2), 30–35.
Abstract: This article presents a literature review of current research on perioperative nursing. Research studies are summarised. Overall findings include that there is a lack of exposure to perioperative nursing in undergraduate level, that expert nurses in the operating theatre make a positive economic and social contribution to patient outcomes, and there are barriers to registered nurses expanding their role in operating theatres.
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Falleni, P. M. (2004). Whakaata ikei runga manaaki: Reflection on caring. International Journal of Palliative Nursing, 10(8), 390–392.
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Walsh, K. (2004). Change and development of nusing practice: The challenges for the new century. Emergency Nurse New Zealand, 3(3), 10–13.
Abstract: In light of the current challenges facing the nursing workforce, the author proposes a way forward to capture and utilise the challenges to bring about positive change.
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Chenery, K. (2004). Family-centred care: Understanding our past (Vol. 20).
Abstract: Oral history accounts of the care of the hospitalised child in the context of family are used to argue that current practice paradoxes in family-centred care are historically ingrained. The article looks at the post-war period, the intervening years, and current practice, centred on the changing concept of motherhood throughout that time. The conflict between clinical expediency versus family and child needs is explored.
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Bland, M. F. (2004). All the comforts of home? A critical ethnography of residential aged care in New Zealand. Ph.D. thesis, , .
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Litchfield, M. (2004). Achieving health in a rural community: A case study of nurse – community partnership. Wellington: Litchfield Healthcare Associates.
Abstract: This study describes rural, nurse-led health services provided by the Takapau Health Centre (Central Hawkes Bay) and its outreach, Norsewood & District Health Centre. The study looks at its model of service delivery through to 2002. It examines the establishment, development, funding and management of the service, along with the nursing practice and the healthcare people received. The book is a snapshot of nursing initiative and survival through a decade of change in health policy and service funding and delivery. The information was subsequently used to move the health centre service into the new paradigm of primary health care launched in the New Zealand Health Strategy.
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Lindsay, L. (2004). Atrocity tales: The language of terrorism in nursing (Vol. 11). Ph.D. thesis, , .
Abstract: In this paper, the author explores the concept of 'professional terrorism'. He exposes discrimination against male nurses as being a form of professional terrorism, primarily as it is enacted through use of language. He presents the concept of horizontal violence as a way to understand why nurses, as a marginalised group, perform oppressive acts towards male nurses, who are similarly oppressed. He outlines the cost of such a culture on nursing practice and presents strategies for change.
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