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Mortensen, A., & Young, N. (2004). Caring for refugees in emergency departments in New Zealand. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 20(2), 24–35.
Abstract: This paper outlines some of the special health needs of people from refugee backgrounds who present in the emergency department, and the role of emergency department nurses in improving care for refugee and migrant peoples. Refugees and asylum seekers represent a significant proportion of attendees in emergency departments in Auckland Hospitals. Culture and ethnicity are a major factor to be considered in addressing the health care needs of this population. Other factors such as the physical and psychological sequelae of the refugee experience, health care experience prior to arrival in New Zealand, poverty, language, and the trauma of resettlement also have a major impact on health care seeking behaviours.
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O'Brien, A. J., Hughes, F., & Kidd, J. D. (2006). Mental health nursing in New Zealand primary health care. Contemporary Nurse, 21(1), 142–152.
Abstract: This article describes the move in mental health from institutional care to community arrangements. It draws on international literature and New Zealand health policy, which gives increased emphasis to the role of the primary health care sector in responding to mental health issues. These issues include the need for health promotion, improved detection and treatment of mild to moderate mental illness, and provision of mental health care to some of those with severe mental illness who traditionally receive care in secondary services. These developments challenge specialist mental health nurses to develop new roles which extend their practice into primary health care. In some parts of New Zealand this process has been under way for some time in the form of shared care projects. However developments currently are ad hoc and leave room for considerable development of specialist mental health nursing roles, including roles for nurse practitioners in primary mental health care.
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Nichols, J. (2004). An exploration of clinical supervision within mental health nursing. Vision: A Journal of Nursing, (November).
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to shed some light on the concept of clinical supervision specifically in relation to mental health nursing. The author talks briefly about the naming and history of clinical supervision and aims to provide some clarity around defining the concept. There is discussion around the role, value and objectives of clinical supervision before critical examination of two models of clinical supervision within two different contexts. Finally the strengths and weaknesses of each model are discussed, and the differences illustrate some of the contextual factors of clinical supervision.
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Flint, V. (2005). The place of ECT in mental health care.11(9), 18–20.
Abstract: The author reviews the controversial treatment of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) which has re-emerged as a safe and effective treatment for major depressive disorders. She first addresses the popular conceptions of ECT, which are based on early misuse of the treatment when it was delivered unmodified, or forcefully and without anaesthetic. She then uses a case study to illustrate the benefits of ECT for catatonia and catatonic states. Diagnostic criteria for catatonia include motoric immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism or mutism, peculiarities of voluntary movement, and echolalia or echopraxia. The treatment of a patient is detailed, and the role of the ECT nurse is outlined. The ECT nurse is a co-ordinator, an educator, liaises with other services and families, and is a point of contact about ECT within the mental health service generally and in the ECT unit in particular. The case study showed successful use of ECT. A series of eight ECT treatments were administered to the catatonic patient, after which he was discharged home with minor depression and showing signs of enjoying life once again.
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Lewer, D. (1999). Analysing the Mental Health Act. Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand, 5(8), 14–16.
Abstract: Changes brought by the Mental Health Act (MHA) to clinical practice, and some of the problems it has created for nurses, are examined in this article. Compulsory assessment and treatment orders (CATO) and the role of Duly Authorised Officers (DAO), and moral dilemmas that can arise as a consequence of CATOs used by DAOs are examined. The requirement for DAOs to act as patient advocates and to safeguard cultural beliefs are highlighted. The MHA promotes self responsibility and a treatment philosophy rather than detention of the mentally ill.
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Crowe, M., Ward, N., Dunnachie, B., & Roberts, M. H. (2006). Characteristics of adolescent depression. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 15(1), 10–18.
Abstract: This is a descriptive study of the characteristics of depression in a sample of 121 adolescents attending an outpatient specialist adolescent mental health service in New Zealand. The adolescents were required to complete two self-report measures to assess presence of depressive symptoms, severity of depression, and particular characteristics of the depression. The findings revealed that irritability was the most common characteristic along with other interpersonal and thought processing symptoms. It is important that mental health nurses are able to identify the specific characteristics of adolescent depression that may differ from adult depression in order to manage this patient population effectively.
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Crowe, M., & Luty, S. (2005). Recovery from depression: A discourse analysis of interpersonal psychotherapy. Nursing Inquiry, 12(1), 43–50.
Abstract: This paper describes a discourse analysis of the process of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) in the recovery from depression. It demonstrates how IPT is an effective treatment strategy for mental health nurses to utilise in the treatment of depression. The discourse analysis highlights how the development of more meaningful subject positions enables one woman to recover from her depression. The process of recovery is underpinned by an understanding of women's depression as promoted by contemporary social and cultural expectations for detachment and reflexivity. This paper shows how IPT provides an opportunity for recovery from depression for one woman by facilitating a reconstruction of her subject positions in relation to others. The discourse analysis revealed that the therapist facilitated this through the use of a range of techniques: seeking information, exploring beliefs/values/assumptions, exploring communication patterns, exploring affective responses and exploring alternative subject positions.
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Palmer, S. G. (2003). Application of the cognitive therapy model to initial crisis assessment. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 12(1), 30–38.
Abstract: This article provides a background to the development of cognitive therapy and cognitive therapeutic skills with a specific focus on the treatment of a depressive episode. It discusses the utility of cognitive therapeutic strategies to the model of crisis theory and initial crisis assessment currently used by the Community Assessment & Treatment Team of Waitemata District Health Board. A brief background to cognitive therapy is provided, followed by a comprehensive example of the use of the Socratic questioning method in guiding collaborative assessment and treatment of suicidality by nurses during the initial crisis assessment.
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Pitama, S., Robertson, P., Cram, F., Gillies, M., Huria, T., & Dalla-Katoa, W. (2007). Meihana model: A clinical assessment framework. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 36(3), 118–125.
Abstract: In 1984 Mason Durie documented a framework for understanding Maori health, Te Whare Tapa Wha, which has subsequently become embedded in Maori health policy. This article presents a specific assessment framework, the Meihana Model, which encompasses the four original cornerstones of Te Whare Tapa Wha, and inserts two additional elements. These form a practice model (alongside Maori beliefs, values and experiences) to guide clinical assessment and intervention with Maori clients and whanau accessing mental health services. This paper outlines the rationale for and background of the Meihana Model and then describes each dimension: whanau, wairua, tinana, hinengaro, taiao and iwi katoa. The model provides a basis for a more comprehensive assessment of clients/whanau to underpin appropriate treatment decisions.
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Moke, K. (2019). Finding the balance: Family inclusive practice in adult community mental health. Master's thesis, University of Otago, Dunedin. Retrieved June 1, 2024, from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/9345
Abstract: Explores family-inclusive practice in Adult Community Mental Health in a District Health Board. Focuses on what adult community mental health nurses and clinical managers consider to be barriers and facilitators to family-inclusive practice. Explores community mental health nurses' and clinical managers' perspectives of family-inclusive practice through semi-structured interviews using a descriptive qualitative design.
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Phillips, B. N. (2005). A survey of mental health nurses' opinion of barriers and supports for research. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 21(1), 24–32.
Abstract: This paper reports the findings of a preliminary survey of two district health boards, which shows that high workloads and lack of relief staffing appear as the greatest hurdles to mental health nurses participating in practice-based nursing research. A further constraint on their participation is lack of research expertise and experience. Consultative discussions with senior mental health nurses support these conclusions. In this paper, mentoring and flexible research designs are promoted as possible ways of overcoming these barriers.
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Farrow, T., McKenna, B., & O'Brien, A. J. (2002). Initiating committal proceedings 'just in case' with voluntary patients: A critique of nursing practice. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 18(2), 15–23.
Abstract: The authors report a clinical audit that, combined with anecdotal evidence, verifies the practice of putting section 8B medical certificates on the files of voluntary mental health patients at the time of admission. This is seen as a strategy to balance the requirement to support and promote the autonomy of voluntary patients with the need to protect those patients or other people. A conceptual analysis of these issues indicates that such a practice is both legally questionable and ethically inappropriate. The authors suggest an alternative framework for practice that is legally and ethically preferable for both nurses and patients.
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McKenna, B. (2002). Risk assessment of violence to others: Time for action. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 18(1), 36–43.
Abstract: The author performs a literature search on the topics of risk assessment, dangerousness, aggression, and violence in order to determine an evidence-based approach to risk assessment of patient violence towards others. This is set in the context of possible expansion in the scope of practice of mental health nurses, and the prevalence of nurses being assaulted by patients. In the absence of reliable and valid nursing risk assessment measures, the approach suggested here focuses on the use of observation skills to detect behaviour antecedent to physical assault, and the ability to adapt evidence to specific clinical settings.
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Thompson, R., & Farrow, T. (1999). The Workbook Portfolio: Facilitating undergraduate student learning in the mental health clinical area. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 14(2), 21–30.
Abstract: This article describes the use of a model that has been developed to assist students in tackling the complex issues surrounding mental health nursing. The Workbook Portfolio has identifiable components that encourage the development of reflective and analytical skills, which allow nurses to practice within an environment that is influenced and determined by a complex, and sometimes contradictory, range of external influences. The article explains the workings of this model so it can be used by educators to for students in the mental health setting.
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McKenna, B., Poole, S., Smith, N. A., Coverdale, J., & Gale, C. (2003). A survey of threats and violent behaviour by patients against registered nurses in their first year of practice (Vol. 12).
Abstract: For this study, an anonymous survey was sent to registered nurses in their first year of practice. From the 1169 survey instruments that were distributed, 551 were returned completed (a response rate of 47%). The most common inappropriate behaviour by patients involved verbal threats, verbal sexual harassment, and physical intimidation. There were 22 incidents of assault requiring medical intervention and 21 incidents of participants being stalked by patients. Male graduates and younger nurses were especially vulnerable. Mental health was the service area most at risk. A most distressing incident was described by 123 (22%) of respondents. The level of distress caused by the incident was rated by 68 of the 123 respondents (55%) as moderate or severe. Only half of those who described a most distressing event indicated they had some undergraduate training in protecting against assault or in managing potentially violent incidents. After registration, 45 (37%) indicated they had received such training. The findings of this study indicate priorities for effective prevention programmes.
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