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Author Gagan, M.J.; Boyd, M.; Wysocki, K.; and Williams, D.J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The first decade of nurse practitioners in New Zealand: A survey of an evolving practice Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners Abbreviated Journal JAANP  
  Volume 26 Issue (down) 11 Pages 612-619  
  Keywords Nurse practitioners; Nursing history  
  Abstract Provides an overview of the practices and outcomes of nurse practitioners (NP) across a variety of healthcare specialties since NPs were first registered in 2002. Uses the PEPPA model as a guide for the organisation of data, the discussion of findings, and recommendations for the future.  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1845  
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Author Carryer, J.B.; Gardner, G.; Dunn, S.; Gardner, A. openurl 
  Title The core role of the nurse practitioner: Practice, professionalism and clinical leadership Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Journal of Clinical Nursing Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 16 Issue (down) 10 Pages 1818-1825  
  Keywords Professional competence; Nurse practitioners; Evaluation research; Cross-cultural comparison  
  Abstract This article draws on empirical evidence to illustrate the core role of nurse practitioners in Australia and New Zealand. A study jointly commissioned by both countries' Regulatory Boards developed information of the newly created nurse practitioner role, to develop shared competency and educational standards. This interpretive study used multiple data sources, including published and grey literature, policy documents, nurse practitioner programme curricula and interviews with 15 nurse practitioners from the two countries. The core role of the nurse practitioner was identified as having three components: dynamic practice, professional efficacy and clinical leadership. Nurse practitioner practice is dynamic and involves the application of high level clinical knowledge and skills in a wide range of contexts. The nurse practitioner demonstrates professional efficacy, enhanced by an extended range of autonomy that includes legislated privileges. The nurse practitioner is a clinical leader with a readiness and an obligation to advocate for their client base and their profession at the systems level of health care.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 932  
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Author Hales, A.; Dignam, D. openurl 
  Title Nurse prescribing lessons from the US Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication Kai Tiaki: Nursing New Zealand Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 8 Issue (down) 10 Pages 12-15  
  Keywords Nurse practitioners; Prescriptive authority; Cross-cultural comparison; Advanced nursing practice; Education  
  Abstract The researchers present a survey of a sample population of 32 advanced practice nurses (APN) in the US about their experiences of acquiring and implementing prescriptive authority. The issues relevant to nurse practitioners in New Zealand are discussed, around acquiring knowledge and education, relationships with other professionals, establishing the role, and retaining the nursing role. The intent and scope of APN prescribing in the US is also discussed.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 1007  
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Author Milligan, K.; Neville, S.J. openurl 
  Title Health assessment and its relationship to nursing practice in New Zealand Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Contemporary Nurse Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 10 Issue (down) 1/2 Pages 7-11  
  Keywords Nursing; Education; Professional competence; Nurse practitioners; Cross-cultural comparison  
  Abstract This article draws on Australian experience to gain insight to three specific areas of health assessment that are topical in New Zealand, which has recently introduced the concept into nursing training. The issues are annual registration based on evidence of competence to practice, a review of undergraduate curricula, and the development of nurse practitioner/advanced nurse practitioner roles. The meaning of the concept 'health assessment' is also clarified in order to provide consistency as new initiatives in nursing are currently being developed.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 1090  
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Author Jacobs, S.; Boddy, J.M. openurl 
  Title The genesis of advanced nursing practice in New Zealand: Policy, politics and education Type Journal Article
  Year 2008 Publication Nursing Praxis in New Zealand Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 24 Issue (down) 1 (Mar) Pages 11-22  
  Keywords Nurse practitioners; History of nursing; Policy; Scope of practice  
  Abstract This contemporary historical study examines the health sector environment of the 1990s and the turn of the 21st century, and assesses the policy initiatives undertaken to advance nursing in New Zealand during that period. The authors look at the conditions and forces that saw nursing achieve a new emphasis on advanced and expanded scope of nursing practice, less than a decade after the commencement of New Zealand's first pre-registration nursing degrees.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 452  
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Author Diers, D. openurl 
  Title “Noses and eyes”: Nurse practitioners in New Zealand Type Journal Article
  Year 2008 Publication Nursing Praxis in New Zealand Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 24 Issue (down) 1 (Mar) Pages 4-10  
  Keywords Cross-cultural comparison; Nurse practitioners; History of nursing  
  Abstract Principles for understanding and evolving nurse practitioner practice, politics and policy are distilled from 40 years of experience in the United States and Australia. The issues in all countries are remarkably similar. The author suggests that some historical and conceptual grounding may assist the continuing development of this expanded role for nursing in New Zealand.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 965  
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Author Gardner, G.; Dunn, S.; Carryer, J.B.; Gardner, A. url  openurl
  Title Competency and capability: Imperative for nurse practitioner education Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing Abbreviated Journal The author-version of article, available online from Queensland University of Technology ePrints arc  
  Volume 24 Issue (down) 1 Pages 8-14  
  Keywords Nursing; Education; Nurse practitioners; Curriculum  
  Abstract The objective of this study was to conduct research to inform the development of standards for nurse practitioner education in Australia and New Zealand and to contribute to the international debate on nurse practitioner practice. The research was conducted in all states of Australia where the nurse practitioner is authorised, and in New Zealand. The research was informed by multiple data sources including nurse practitioner programme curricula documents from relevant universities in Australia and New Zealand, interviews with academic convenors of these programmes and interviews with nurse practitioners. Findings include support for masters level of education as preparation for the nurse practitioner. These programs need to have a strong clinical learning component and in-depth education for the sciences of specialty practice. Additionally an important aspect of education for the nurse practitioner is the centrality of student directed and flexible learning models. This approach is well supported by the literature on capability.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 882  
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Author Adams, Sue; Carryer, Jenny; Wilkinson, Jillian Ann openurl 
  Title Institutional ethnography : an emerging approach for health and nursing research Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Nursing Praxis in New Zealand Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 31 Issue (down) 1 Pages 18-26  
  Keywords Institutional ethnography; Ruling relations; Nurse practitioners; Health research; Sociological inquiry  
  Abstract Introduces institutional ethnography as an approach to sociological inquiry for health and nursing research in NZ. Provides an overview, introducing key concepts, and describing how institutional ethnography is used in research on the establishment of nurse practitioners and their services in rural primary health care.  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1499  
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Author Rook, Helen; Hales, Caz; Milligan, Kaye; Jones, Mark url  doi
openurl 
  Title Dr Jill Wilkinson's discourse analysis of the sources of power and agency for nursing Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Nursing Praxis in New Zealand Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 37 Issue (down) 1 Pages 37-41  
  Keywords Advanced nursing practice; Nurse practitioners  
  Abstract Highlights two articles written by Jill Wilkinson in 2008 pertaining to the Ministerial Taskforce on Nursing in 1998, in which she discusses the conflict between autonomy and unionism in nursing and the development of the nurse practitioner (NP) role. Considers the ongoing challenges to establish NP toles in mainstream health services.  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1689  
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Author Adams, Sue; Oster, Sandy; Davis, Josephine url  doi
openurl 
  Title The training and education of nurse practitioners in Aotearoa New Zealand: Time for nationwide refresh [editorial] Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Nursing Praxis in Aotearoa New Zealand Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 38 Issue (down) 1 Pages 1-4  
  Keywords Nurse practitioners; Nursing education; Primary health care  
  Abstract Argues that the following measures must be taken to ensure the ongoing development and establishment of nurse practitioners (NP) across the health sector: review of NP competencies; support for NPs to undertake the nurse practitioner training programme

(NPTP); formation of nationally-consistent and funded NPTPs; mentoring novice NPs; and a national workforce plan for NPs.
 
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1792  
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Author Laidlaw, Rebecca; Mercer, Christine openurl 
  Title Nurse practitioners: does home visiting improve outcomes for people living with long-term conditions Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Kai Tiaki Nursing Research Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 13 Issue (down) 1 Pages 39-41  
  Keywords Nurse practitioners; Long-term conditions; Home visiting  
  Abstract Explores the potential for nurse practitioners (NP) in NZ to visit people diagnosed with chronic condiitons at home. Evaluates whether home-visiting NPs could provide primary care in place of GPs. Conducts a review of research comprising three themes: reduced barriers to care, improved health outcomes, and role clarity for NPs.  
  Call Number NZNO @ research @ Serial 1820  
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Author Bryson, L.W. openurl 
  Title Nurse-led heart failure services: A review of the literature Type
  Year 2006 Publication Abbreviated Journal Victoria University of Wellington Library  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
  Keywords Nursing specialties; Management; Nurse practitioners; Cardiovascular diseases  
  Abstract This research paper reports on the findings of a literature review conducted to establish and analyse the international magnitude, context and effectiveness of nurse-led heart failure initiatives. The research revealed that the underlying philosophy in establishing nurse-led disease management programmes of care is that, by treating chronic heart failure as a continuum, it is possible to decrease exacerbations and improve patient outcomes. Regardless of the type of heart failure management programme, critical components of care include a collaborative supportive approach that educates and empowers the patient (including family/whanau) to recognise the early indicators of exacerbation, access expedient care, and to adhere to evidence based treatments. The author points to significant evidence to support the establishment of nurse-led heart failure programmes. The positive outcomes associated with this model of care delivery include decreased readmissions, reduction in mortality, and cost efficiencies. However, the organisational model of care, or programme components that are the most effective in optimising patient outcomes, need to be selected on the basis of local healthcare infrastructure, services and resources. The author suggests that New Zealand has a unique opportunity to encompass the recent emergence of the Nurse Practitioner role in facilitating, coordinating and monitoring of heart failure programmes across the continuum of care. The delivery of evidence-based, cost effective, heart failure programmes is a prerequisite to improving the delivery of optimal treatment and ensuring that heart failure patients have the opportunity to attain quality care outcomes.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 558  
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Author Maw, H. openurl 
  Title The challenge of developing primary health care nurse practitioner roles in rural New Zealand Type
  Year 2005 Publication Abbreviated Journal Otago Polytechnic library. A copy can be obtained by contacting pgnursadmin@tekotago.ac.nz  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
  Keywords Nurse practitioners; Rural health services; Primary health care  
  Abstract When the New Zealand Nursing Council introduced the nurse practitioner as a new level of nurse in 2001, the opportunity arose for the introduction of primary health care nurse practitioners into the rural practice arena in this country. This dissertation explores the influences on the development of rural nursing in the last decade in New Zealand including the role of the Centre for Rural Health in advancing rural nursing education, as well as the impact the shortage of health professionals in rural New Zealand has had on the development of the rural primary health care nurse practitioner concept. For pioneering primary health care nurse practitioner roles to be successfully implemented in rural communities in New Zealand, several challenges need to be faced; the creation of roles and employment opportunities, community acceptance of the role, medical and nursing acceptance of the role and the establishment of independent nurse prescribing within the constraints imposed by current legislation. The dissertation explores the current literature in an attempt to offer solutions to the identified challenges. With the creation of primary health care nurse practitioner roles and the establishment and acceptance of these roles in rural communities, a new mode of health service delivery in rural New Zealand will begin.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 576  
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Author Mearns, G. url  openurl
  Title Developing autonomous ownership: A grounded theory study of how registered nurses working in aged care are advancing their nursing practice Type
  Year 2005 Publication Abbreviated Journal Auckland University of Technology Library  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
  Keywords Nurse practitioners; Geriatric nursing; Older people; Registered nurses  
  Abstract The introduction of nurse practitioner registration into New Zealand in 2001 was heralded as a move that would open up a wealth of opportunities for registered nurses to extend their practice into more independent roles and to provide a client-centred health service. It was also seen as a way to retain experienced registered nurses in the clinical practice area by providing a credible clinical career pathway. If nurse practitioner's are to meet these expectations, then, the author suggests, it is important to understand the processes that encourage or discourage nurses from advancing their practice. One of the early scopes of practice to be introduced was nurse practitioner with an endorsement in aged care scope of practice. Grounded theory was the method used to generate an explanation of how registered nurses working in aged care were preparing for the introduction of nurse practitioner roles. An analysis of early data highlighted codes around registered nurses in aged care extending and advancing their practice rather than preparing specifically for the nurse practitioner role. The research question for this study was: 'How are registered nurses in aged care advancing their nursing practice?' Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from ten experienced registered nurses working in aged care clinical practice settings ranging from secondary hospital facilities, to community settings and residential care villages. Dimensional analysis of the data eventually generated three major conceptual categories: 'ownership of nursing', 'extending practice', and 'moving out of a comfort zone'. Of these, 'ownership of nursing' was identified as the core construct that linked the other categories together. The substantive theory that explains how registered nurses in aged care advance their clinical practice is 'developing autonomous ownership'. Nurses who develop autonomous ownership of nursing are more likely than other nurses to move out of a current comfort zone and advance their practice into more independent roles that suit their autonomous ownership of nursing. This study identified important contextual factors and conditions that support the development of an autonomous ownership of nursing and that subsequently facilitate advancing nursing practice. These include creating supportive environments, organisational commitment to advanced nursing practice roles, visible nursing leadership, congruence between organisational and nursing philosophies, interdisciplinary collaboration and participating in postgraduate education. The author suggests that the significance of this study is that it generated a theory about the processes that encourage or discourage nurses from preparing for, and progressing into, advanced nursing practice roles such as nurse practitioner.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 585  
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Author Horner, C. openurl 
  Title Maintaining rural nurses' competency in emergency situations Type
  Year 2005 Publication Abbreviated Journal Otago Polytechnic library. A copy can be obtained by contacting pgnursadmin@tekotago.ac.nz  
  Volume Issue (down) Pages  
  Keywords Emergency nursing; Nurse practitioners; Rural nursing; Education  
  Abstract On call emergency health services are becoming routinely provided by some rural nurses, predominantly within the South Island. Rural nurses have been advancing their practice to accommodate the limited availability of general practitioners in rural communities. Although this is becoming routine practice, the author has been providing a service such as this for the past 12 years. This dissertation describes this practice in relationship to the present social-political context, advancing nurse competencies and her experience of rural nursing in a rural town within the South Island. Particular significance for the rural nurse is the required independent practice and overall responsibility when remote from traditional medical oversight. Providing on call emergency care with the possibility of a broad spectrum of emergency situations while maintaining competence for the unpredictable frequency (or lack of frequency) of the rural emergency is the focus of this dissertation. The professional and personal risks are high for rural nurses when placed in situations they are not prepared for or unable to remain competent to manage. Implications resulting from the critique of the health service literature on this subject are identified. Firstly, rural nurses need to be insightful of their own emergency on call expertise and limitations. Secondly, rural nurses require ongoing education and thirdly that appropriate education is available and accessible to rural nurses. Lastly, rural nurses require maintenance of competency so these emergency skills are not lost. This dissertation and the resulting recommendations embrace Nursing Council of New Zealand Nurse Practitioner Competencies. The resulting outcomes fulfilling the rural nurse's need for maintenance of competency for emergency on call care, the community's need for safe appropriate emergency care and national legislation requirements.  
  Call Number NRSNZNO @ research @ Serial 666  
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